Self Making View in explorer

30 discourses
Spiritual or worldly striving to “be someone,” the “I must become something” energy
Also known as: an aspiration for identity, craving to be, drive for status or attainment, romanticizing some better self or future state
Pāli: bhavataṇhā, bhavesanā
Supported by
Mental proliferation

Mental proliferation

Mind's tendency to spin out elaborate stories, interpretations, and emotional reactions from simple experiences.

Also known as: conceptual proliferation, conceptualization, forming various opinions
Pāli: papañca
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Leads to
Personal existence view

Personal existence view

The view that there is a real self within or a substantial reality outside. This mistaken grasp of self and world sustains attachment, conceit, and the cycle of suffering.

Also known as: identity view, self-view, self-identification, embodied being, egoism
Pāli: sakkāyadiṭṭhi
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Discourses

DN 9 Poṭṭhapāda sutta - To Poṭṭhapāda

How does human perception reach its absolute stillness? Rejecting mystical and accidental theories of consciousness, the Buddha charts the structured ascent of meditative awareness to the threshold of cessation. The dialogue explores why metaphysical dilemmas are set aside, how assumptions of self arise and pass away, and how the awakened mind uses worldly expressions without grasping them as ultimate truths.

PTS 1.178–1.203

MN 9 Sammādiṭṭhi sutta - Right View

The venerable Sāriputta delivers a comprehensive exposition on “Right View,” detailing sixteen ways a noble disciple achieves clarity in the Dhamma. By understanding the wholesome and unwholesome, nutriments, the Four Noble Truths, dependent origination, and the taints—including their arising and cessation—a disciple abandons underlying tendencies and realizes the cessation of suffering.

PTS 1.46–1.54

MN 121 Cūḷasuññata sutta - The Lesser Discourse on Emptiness

When venerable Ānanda inquires about the Buddha’s frequent abiding in emptiness, the Blessed One describes a gradual progression of abidings in ever-stiller perceptions, each seen as empty of what is absent while discerning what still remains, culminating in the unsurpassed abiding in emptiness.

PTS 3.104–3.108

SN 22.81 Pālileyya sutta - At Pālileyya

The immediate wearing away of the taints occurs when personal existence views, dogmas, and doubt are seen for what they truly are: transient intentional constructs dependently arisen from ignorance-contact.

PTS 3.94–3.99

SN 22.90 Channa sutta - With Channa

Though understanding impermanence and not-self, venerable Channa anxiously struggles to accept Nibbāna, wondering, “Who is my self?” Venerable Ānanda shares the Buddha’s teaching on avoiding the extremes of existence and non-existence, leading Channa to completely breakthrough to the Dhamma.

PTS 3.132–3.134

AN 4.200 Pema sutta - Affection

The Buddha explains how four modes of social partiality—affection and aversion arising in relation to others—bind beings to the world. He shows how a bhikkhu transcends these entanglements by means of the jhānas and attains final liberation through uprooting the deep-seated conceits of self-making.

PTS 2.213–2.216

MN 149 Mahāsaḷāyatanika sutta - The Greater Discourse on the Six Sense Fields

The Buddha explains that ignorance regarding the six sense fields fuels infatuation, craving, and the five aggregates, leading to distress. Conversely, knowing and seeing the senses truly abandons craving and fulfills the Noble Eightfold Path. By coupling tranquility with penetrative vision, the practitioner comprehends the aggregates, abandons ignorance, and realizes true knowledge and liberation.

PTS 3.287–3.289

MN 102 Pañcattaya sutta - Five and Three

The Buddha deconstructs speculative views about the past and future, revealing them as forms of clinging. He exposes subtle attachments within even exalted meditative states, showing that all conditioned experiences are unstable. True liberation lies not in constructed peace, but in non-clinging through full understanding of the six sense bases.

PTS 2.228–2.237

SN 35.248 Yavakalāpi sutta - Sheaf of Barley

The Buddha compares the senses of an uninstructed person to a sheaf of barley thrashed by six flails at a crossroads—and a seventh flail if they seek future existence. Using the parable of the captive asura lord Vepacitti, whose bonds tightened or vanished based solely on his thoughts, the Buddha illustrates how conceiving “I am” is a subtle, subjective trap.

PTS 4.201–4.203

MN 2 Sabbāsava sutta - Overcoming Of All The Taints

The Buddha explains the cause for the restraint of all the taints and how there is abandoning of all the taints through the seven methods of seeing, restraint, proper use, enduring, avoiding, dispelling, and cultivation.

PTS 1.6–1.11

ITI 49 Diṭṭhigata sutta - Two Kinds Of Wrong Views

Overcome by two kinds of wrong views, some get stuck, while others overreach. But those with vision see.

PTS 43–44

SN 22.100 Dutiya gaddulabaddha sutta - Tied with a Leash (Second)

Cyclic existence is without a conceivable beginning. Like a dog tied to a post, the uninstructed person stays bound to the five aggregates. The mind is more diverse than any picture or than the animal realm; like a painter, one produces only the aggregates. Seeing them as they truly are, there is no more coming to any state of existence.

PTS 3.151

SN 22.7 Upādāparitassanā sutta - Anxiety Through Clinging

The Buddha explains how anxiety arises through clinging and how there is freedom from anxiety through non-clinging.

PTS 3.15–3.17

SN 22.31 Aghamūla sutta - The Root of Angst

A concise teaching on angst and its root.

PTS 3.32

SN 22.117 Bandhana sutta - Imprisoned

Imprisoned by the aggregates, the uninstructed ordinary person does not see the near shore or the far shore, grows old in bondage, dies in bondage, and passes from this world to the next still bound.

PTS 3.164

MN 44 Cūḷavedalla sutta - The Shorter Series Of Questions And Answers

A series of questions and answers between the lay follower Visākha and bhikkhunī Dhammadinnā that clarify subtle yet important aspects of the teachings. Topics covered include personal existence, Noble Eightfold Path, intentional constructs, attainment of cessation of perception and what is felt, felt experience, underlying tendencies and various counterparts.

PTS 1.299–1.304

ITI 54 Paṭhama esanā sutta - Quest (First)

The Buddha describes the three quests of sensual pleasure, renewed existence, and spiritual life.

PTS 48

ITI 55 Dutiya esanā sutta - Quest (Second)

The Buddha describes the three quests of sensual pleasure, renewed existence, and spiritual life as the result of holding tight to the thought ‘This is the truth’ and the accumulation of bases for views.

PTS 48

ITI 56 Paṭhama āsava sutta - Taints (First)

The Buddha describes the three taints - the taint of sensual desire, the taint of becoming, and the taint of ignorance, and the way of practice leading to their cessation.

PTS 49

ITI 57 Dutiya āsava sutta - Taints (Second)

The Buddha describes the three taints - the taint of sensual desire, the taint of becoming, and the taint of ignorance, and the one who is free from them.

PTS 49

ITI 58 Taṇhā sutta - Craving

The Buddha describes the three kinds of craving - 1.) craving for sensual pleasures, 2.) craving for existence, and 3.) craving for non-becoming.

PTS 50

ITI 80 Vitakka sutta - Thoughts

The Buddha shares the three unwholesome thoughts - 1) concerning one’s reputation, 2) concerning acquisitions, respect, and popularity, and 3) associated with inappropriate concern for others.

PTS 72

ITI 89 Devadatta sutta - Devadatta

The Buddha explains how Devadatta, overcome by evil desires, bad friendship, and abandoning the training, arrived at a state of prolonged suffering. Though once esteemed, his envy led to ruin. The wise should associate with those whose path leads to the cessation of suffering.

PTS 85–86

ITI 96 Kāmayoga sutta - Yoke of Sensual Pleasures

The Buddha classifies beings according to their attachment or detachment from sensual pleasures and conditioned existence. Those entangled in both are returners; those detached from sensual pleasures but still bound to existence are non-returners; and those freed from both are arahants who have ended the taints.

PTS 95

SN 22.8 Dutiya upādāparitassanā sutta - Anxiety Through Clinging (Second)

The Buddha explains how regarding the five aggregates as ‘This is mine, this I am, this is my self’ gives rise to anxiety through clinging, and how seeing them as not-self brings freedom from anxiety.

PTS 3.18

SNP 4.11 Kalahavivāda sutta - Quarrels and Disputes

The Buddha answers step-by-step to a series of questions starting with the source of quarrels and disputes, followed by the arising of various things such as hopes, aims, desires, possessions; leading all the way to the description of the ultimate purity of the spirit.

PTS 168–170

SNP 4.13 Mahābyūha sutta - The Greater Discourse on the Array of Views

Among those entrenched in views, arguing “This alone is truth,” the Buddha calls praise won by such to be a small matter. Seeing safety in the ground of non-dispute, the wise do not seek purity by precepts and vows or by what is seen, heard, or sensed. The sage ends craving for various states of existence and stands equanimous.

PTS 174–178

SNP 5.5 Dhotakamāṇavapucchā - Dhotaka’s Questions

The venerable Dhotaka asks the Buddha to free him from doubt and teach the principle of peace. The Buddha explains that liberation cannot be bestowed by another but arises from directly knowing the Dhamma. He instructs Dhotaka to see even the act of knowing as a ‘sticking point’ in the world, and to abandon craving for any state of existence.

PTS 201–203

AN 5.30 Nāgita sutta - With Nāgita

When approached with abundant offerings, the Buddha expresses a heartfelt wish to avoid fame, and speaks of five contemplations which result in being established in dispassion and wisdom.

PTS 3.30–3.31

UD 3.10 Loka sutta - The World

After his full awakening, the Buddha surveys the world, seeing beings aflame with passion, aversion, and delusion. He reflects on the nature of the world and the suffering inherent in existence. By seeing the world as it truly is, he points to the path of liberation.

PTS 32–33

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