The Buddha classifies beings according to their attachment or detachment from sensual pleasures and conditioned existence. Those entangled in both are returners; those detached from sensual pleasures but still bound to existence are non-returners; and those freed from both are arahants who have ended the taints.

PTS 95

ITI 96 Kāmayoga sutta - Yoke of Sensual Pleasures

Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ:

This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Awakened One, as I have heard:

“Kāmayogayutto, bhikkhave, bhavayogayutto āgāmī hoti āgantā itthattaṁ. Kāmayogavisaṁyutto, bhikkhave, bhavayogayutto anāgāmī hoti anāgantā itthattaṁ. Kāmayogavisaṁyutto, bhikkhave, bhavayogavisaṁyutto arahā hoti, khīṇāsavo”ti.

“1.) One who is bound to the yoke of sensual pleasures and bound to the yoke of existence is a returner, a returner to the present state of existence. 2.) One who is detached from the yoke of sensual pleasures but bound to the yoke of existence is a non-returner, not a returner to the present state of existence. 3.) One who is detached from the yoke of sensual pleasures and also detached from the yoke of existence is an Arahant, whose taints have worn away.”

Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati:

The Blessed One spoke on this matter. In this regard, it is said:

“Kāmayogena saṁyuttā,
bhavayogena cūbhayaṁ;
Sattā gacchanti saṁsāraṁ,
jātimaraṇagāmino.

“Bound to the yoke of sensual pleasures,
and the yoke of existence—bound by both;
beings wander on in cyclic existence,
bound for birth and death.

Ye ca kāme pahantvāna,
appattā āsavakkhayaṁ;
Bhavayogena saṁyuttā,
anāgāmīti vuccare.

But those who have abandoned sensual pleasures,
yet have not reached the wearing away of taints,
though still bound to the yoke of existence,
they are called non-returners.

Ye ca kho chinnasaṁsayā,
khīṇamānapunabbhavā;
Te ve pāraṅgatā loke,
ye pattā āsavakkhayan”ti.

But those who are freed from doubt,
who have eradicated conceit and the potential for renewed existence,
they are the ones who have gone beyond the world,
those who have reached the wearing away of taints.”

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti.

This matter too was spoken by the Blessed One, as I have heard.

Qualities:

Ending

Ending

The complete exhaustion and ending of craving, aversion, and delusion—the three roots of suffering. It refers to both the gradual wearing away of defilements through practice and the final cessation that constitutes Nibbāna.

Also known as: cessation, exhaustion, gradual ending, wearing away
Pāli: khaya, khīṇa, nirodha
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Self-making

Self-making

Spiritual or worldly striving to “be someone,” the “I must become something” energy

Also known as: an aspiration for identity, craving to be, drive for status or attainment, romanticizing some better self or future state
Pāli: bhavataṇhā, bhavesanā
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Sensual desire

Sensual desire

A mental quality of desiring sensory gratification. It pulls the mind’s attention toward sights, sounds, smells, tastes, or touches in a search for satisfaction.

Also known as: craving for sensuality, passion for sensual pleasures, lust, pull toward enticing sense objects
Pāli: kāmacchanda
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Last updated on October 9, 2026

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