Among those entrenched in views, arguing “This alone is truth,” the Buddha calls praise won by such to be a small matter. Seeing safety in the ground of non-dispute, the wise do not seek purity by precepts and vows or by what is seen, heard, or sensed. The sage ends craving for various states of existence and stands equanimous.

SNP 4.13  Mahābyūha sutta - The Greater Discourse on the Array of Views

“Ye kecime diṭṭhiparibbasānā,
Idameva saccanti vivādayanti;
Sabbeva te nindamanvānayanti,
Atho pasaṁsampi labhanti tattha”.

“Those who are |entrenched in views::settled in theories, stuck in opinions [diṭṭhiparibbasāna]|,
arguing, ‘This alone is truth’—
do all of them draw only |blame::criticism, disparagement [ninda]|,
or do some there also win |praise::commendation, approval [pasaṃsā]|?”

“Appañhi etaṁ na alaṁ samāya,
Duve vivādassa phalāni brūmi;
Etampi disvā na vivādayetha,
Khemābhipassaṁ avivādabhūmiṁ”.

“That [praise] is a small thing, not sufficient for |peace::serenity, tranquility [sama]|,
I say these are two fruits of |dispute::argument, contention [vivāda]|;
Having seen this too, one should not start arguments,
seeing |safety::security, sanctuary, peace, rest [khema]| in the ground of non-dispute.

“Yā kācimā sammutiyo puthujjā,
Sabbāva etā na upeti vidvā;
Anūpayo so upayaṁ kimeyya,
Diṭṭhe sute khantimakubbamāno”.

Whatever |common opinions::general consensus, popular ideas [sammuti]| there are,
a wise person does not get involved in them;
|Uninvolved::free from attachment, disinterested, unengaged, lit. not going near [anūpaya]|, what entanglement could he have,
when not basing his acceptance on what is seen or heard.

“Sīluttamā saññamenāhu suddhiṁ,
Vataṁ samādāya upaṭṭhitāse;
Idheva sikkhema athassa suddhiṁ,
Bhavūpanītā kusalāvadānā.

They who hold conduct supreme claim |purity::purification, holiness [suddhi]| via |restraint::abstinence, self-control [saññamena]|,
having taken up a |vow::spiritual practice, duty [vata]|, they devote themselves [to it];
[thinking]: ‘Let’s |train::practice [sikkhati]| here, then there will be purity,’
though speaking expertly, they are led back to |existence::continued conditional existence, the karmically conditioned mode of being that leads to future rebirth [bhava]|.

Sace cuto sīlavatato hoti,
Pavedhatī kamma virādhayitvā;
Pajappatī patthayatī ca suddhiṁ,
Satthāva hīno pavasaṁ gharamhā.

If he then falls away from his precepts and vows,
he |shakes::is agitated, trembles [pavedhatī]|, having failed in his task;
He |prays::yearns, lit. mutters [pajappatī]| and |craves for::aspires for, wishes for [patthayanta]| purity,
like one on a journey who has lost his |travel group::caravan, convoy, lit. with purpose [sattha]|.

Sīlabbataṁ vāpi pahāya sabbaṁ,
Kammañca sāvajjanavajjametaṁ;
Suddhiṁ asuddhinti apatthayāno,
Virato care santimanuggahāya.

Having abandoned all precepts and vows,
and deeds, whether blameworthy or blameless;
Not aspiring for either purity or impurity,
one should be detached, for the sake of peace.

Tamūpanissāya jigucchitaṁ vā,
Atha vāpi diṭṭhaṁ va sutaṁ mutaṁ vā;
Uddhaṁsarā suddhimanutthunanti,
Avītataṇhāse bhavābhavesu.

Relying on what is |shunned::detested, loathed [jigucchita]|,
or either on what is seen, heard, or |sensed::noticed, smelled, tasted, felt or thought [muta]|;
they cry out for purity with lofty voices,
yet remain bound by craving for |various states of existence::continued existence; such success and failure, gain and loss, eternity and annihilation, good and evil [bhavābhava]|.

Patthayamānassa hi jappitāni,
Pavedhitaṁ vāpi pakappitesu;
Cutūpapāto idha yassa natthi,
Sa kena vedheyya kuhiṁ va jappe”.

For one who longs, there are yearnings,
and trembling too over ideas they have |formulated::(of an idea or opinion) imagined, fabricated, fashioned, designed, devised, concocted [pakappita]|;
But for one here who has no |passing away or rebirth::death and rebirth [cutūpapāta]|,
Why would they tremble? For what would they long?”

“Yamāhu dhammaṁ paramanti eke,
Tameva hīnanti panāhu aññe;
Sacco nu vādo katamo imesaṁ,
Sabbeva hīme kusalāvadānā”.

“Some say a teaching is supreme,
while others say that very one is |inferior::low, deficient [hīna]|;
Which of these assertions is true?
For they all claim to be an expert.”

“Sakañhi dhammaṁ paripuṇṇamāhu,
Aññassa dhammaṁ pana hīnamāhu;
Evampi viggayha vivādayanti,
Sakaṁ sakaṁ sammutimāhu saccaṁ.

“They declare their own teaching |perfect::complete [paripuṇṇa]|,
and another’s teaching inferior;
Thus, entering disputes, they argue,
each proclaiming their own opinion as truth.

Parassa ce vambhayitena hīno,
Na koci dhammesu visesi assa;
Puthū hi aññassa vadanti dhammaṁ,
Nihīnato samhi daḷhaṁ vadānā.

If one is inferior when ridiculed by another,
no one in any teaching could be distinguished;
For many speak against another’s teaching,
while firmly advocating their own.

Saddhammapūjāpi nesaṁ tatheva,
Yathā pasaṁsanti sakāyanāni;
Sabbeva vādā tathiyā bhaveyyuṁ,
Suddhī hi nesaṁ paccattameva.

They venerate their own teachings,
just as they praise their own paths;
If so, then all doctrines would be true,
yet to them, purity is exclusively theirs.

Na brāhmaṇassa paraneyyamatthi,
Dhammesu niccheyya samuggahītaṁ;
Tasmā vivādāni upātivatto,
Na hi seṭṭhato passati dhammamaññaṁ.

For the |sage::Brāhmaṇa, a title used by the Buddha for an Arahant, an awakened being [brāhmaṇa]|, there is no being led by others,
no |evaluating::discriminating, distinguishing the difference [niccheyya]| among teachings and grasping tightly;
Therefore he has gone beyond disputes,
for he does not see another’s teaching as supreme.

Jānāmi passāmi tatheva etaṁ,
Diṭṭhiyā eke paccenti suddhiṁ;
Addakkhi ce kiñhi tumassa tena,
Atisitvā aññena vadanti suddhiṁ.

Saying, ‘I know, I see, it is like this in |actuality::reality, truth [tatha]|,’
some here |fall back on::assume, lit. goes back [pacceti]| purity through a |view::belief, an opinion, a concept, a theory [diṭṭhi]|;
But if they have really seen, what good is that view to them,
overlooking [what matters], they assert purity by another.

Passaṁ naro dakkhati nāmarūpaṁ,
Disvāna ñassati tānimeva;
Kāmaṁ bahuṁ passatu appakaṁ vā,
Na hi tena suddhiṁ kusalā vadanti.

Seeing, a person will find |name and form::mentality and materiality—the integrated structure of mental capacities (intention, attention, contact, feeling, perception) and physical form that together constitute and sustain an individual being [nāmarūpa]|,
and having seen, it is just these that he could know;
Whether he sees much or little, as per his liking,
not by that do the skilled declare purity.

Nivissavādī na hi subbināyo,
Pakappitaṁ diṭṭhi purakkharāno;
Yaṁ nissito tattha subhaṁ vadāno,
Suddhiṁ vado tattha tathaddasā so.

One entrenched in a view is not |easily instructed::easily guided [subbināya]|,
holding his own formulated view foremost;
Whatever he depends on, calling it |good::beautiful, excellent [subha]|,
claiming purity there—he thinks he has truly seen.

Na brāhmaṇo kappamupeti saṅkhā,
Na diṭṭhisārī napi ñāṇabandhu;
Ñatvā ca so sammutiyo puthujjā,
Upekkhatī uggahaṇanti maññe.

The sage does not |speculate::fabricate, imagine [kappamupeti]| on |concepts::calculations, enumerations; mental constructs that form the basis for self-identity [saṅkhā]|,
he is not |a follower of views::pursuing beliefs, an adherent of views [diṭṭhisārī]| nor an |adherent of knowledge::bound to knowledge [ñāṇabandhu]|;
Having known common opinions,
he regards with equanimity where others grasp.

Vissajja ganthāni munīdha loke,
Vivādajātesu na vaggasārī;
Santo asantesu upekkhako so,
Anuggaho uggahaṇanti maññe.

Having untied the knots here in the world,
the sage does not take sides when disputes occur;
Peaceful among the unpeaceful, he remains |equanimous::mental poised, mentally balanced, equanimous, non-reactive, disregarding [upekkhaka]|,
|not grasping::not embracing, not taking up [anuggaha]| where others grasp.

Pubbāsave hitvā nave akubbaṁ,
Na chandagū nopi nivissavādī;
Sa vippamutto diṭṭhigatehi dhīro,
Na lippati loke anattagarahī.

Having abandoned former |taints::defilements, pollutants [āsava]| and not making new ones,
not |driven by desire::pulled along by impulse [chandagū]| nor a |proponent of dogma::fixed in opinion [nivissavādī]|;
Released from speculative views, that |steadfast::firm, stable, wise [dhīra]| one,
untainted by the world, is |free of self-blame::not criticizing oneself [anattagarahī]|.

Sa sabbadhammesu visenibhūto,
Yaṁ kiñci diṭṭhaṁ va sutaṁ mutaṁ vā;
Sa pannabhāro muni vippamutto,
Na kappiyo nūparato na patthiyo”ti.

He is |disarmed with respect to::at peace with [visenibhūta]| |all states of mind::all mental phenomena, all things [sabbadhamma]|,
in whatever is seen, heard, or sensed;
With his burden dropped, the sage is freed,
not |constructing ideas::fabricating concepts [kappiya]|, not abstaining, not wishing.”

“Those who are |entrenched in views::settled in theories, stuck in opinions [diṭṭhiparibbasāna]|,
arguing, ‘This alone is truth’—
do all of them draw only |blame::criticism, disparagement [ninda]|,
or do some there also win |praise::commendation, approval [pasaṃsā]|?”

“That [praise] is a small thing, not sufficient for |peace::serenity, tranquility [sama]|,
I say these are two fruits of |dispute::argument, contention [vivāda]|;
Having seen this too, one should not start arguments,
seeing |safety::security, sanctuary, peace, rest [khema]| in the ground of non-dispute.

Whatever |common opinions::general consensus, popular ideas [sammuti]| there are,
a wise person does not get involved in them;
|Uninvolved::free from attachment, disinterested, unengaged, lit. not going near [anūpaya]|, what entanglement could he have,
when not basing his acceptance on what is seen or heard.

They who hold conduct supreme claim |purity::purification, holiness [suddhi]| via |restraint::abstinence, self-control [saññamena]|,
having taken up a |vow::spiritual practice, duty [vata]|, they devote themselves [to it];
[thinking]: ‘Let’s |train::practice [sikkhati]| here, then there will be purity,’
though speaking expertly, they are led back to |existence::continued conditional existence, the karmically conditioned mode of being that leads to future rebirth [bhava]|.

If he then falls away from his precepts and vows,
he |shakes::is agitated, trembles [pavedhatī]|, having failed in his task;
He |prays::yearns, lit. mutters [pajappatī]| and |craves for::aspires for, wishes for [patthayanta]| purity,
like one on a journey who has lost his |travel group::caravan, convoy, lit. with purpose [sattha]|.

Having abandoned all precepts and vows,
and deeds, whether blameworthy or blameless;
Not aspiring for either purity or impurity,
one should be detached, for the sake of peace.

Relying on what is |shunned::detested, loathed [jigucchita]|,
or either on what is seen, heard, or |sensed::noticed, smelled, tasted, felt or thought [muta]|;
they cry out for purity with lofty voices,
yet remain bound by craving for |various states of existence::continued existence; such success and failure, gain and loss, eternity and annihilation, good and evil [bhavābhava]|.

For one who longs, there are yearnings,
and trembling too over ideas they have |formulated::(of an idea or opinion) imagined, fabricated, fashioned, designed, devised, concocted [pakappita]|;
But for one here who has no |passing away or rebirth::death and rebirth [cutūpapāta]|,
Why would they tremble? For what would they long?”

“Some say a teaching is supreme,
while others say that very one is |inferior::low, deficient [hīna]|;
Which of these assertions is true?
For they all claim to be an expert.”

“They declare their own teaching |perfect::complete [paripuṇṇa]|,
and another’s teaching inferior;
Thus, entering disputes, they argue,
each proclaiming their own opinion as truth.

If one is inferior when ridiculed by another,
no one in any teaching could be distinguished;
For many speak against another’s teaching,
while firmly advocating their own.

They venerate their own teachings,
just as they praise their own paths;
If so, then all doctrines would be true,
yet to them, purity is exclusively theirs.

For the |sage::Brāhmaṇa, a title used by the Buddha for an Arahant, an awakened being [brāhmaṇa]|, there is no being led by others,
no |evaluating::discriminating, distinguishing the difference [niccheyya]| among teachings and grasping tightly;
Therefore he has gone beyond disputes,
for he does not see another’s teaching as supreme.

Saying, ‘I know, I see, it is like this in |actuality::reality, truth [tatha]|,’
some here |fall back on::assume, lit. goes back [pacceti]| purity through a |view::belief, an opinion, a concept, a theory [diṭṭhi]|;
But if they have really seen, what good is that view to them,
overlooking [what matters], they assert purity by another.

Seeing, a person will find |name and form::mentality and materiality—the integrated structure of mental capacities (intention, attention, contact, feeling, perception) and physical form that together constitute and sustain an individual being [nāmarūpa]|,
and having seen, it is just these that he could know;
Whether he sees much or little, as per his liking,
not by that do the skilled declare purity.

One entrenched in a view is not |easily instructed::easily guided [subbināya]|,
holding his own formulated view foremost;
Whatever he depends on, calling it |good::beautiful, excellent [subha]|,
claiming purity there—he thinks he has truly seen.

The sage does not |speculate::fabricate, imagine [kappamupeti]| on |concepts::calculations, enumerations; mental constructs that form the basis for self-identity [saṅkhā]|,
he is not |a follower of views::pursuing beliefs, an adherent of views [diṭṭhisārī]| nor an |adherent of knowledge::bound to knowledge [ñāṇabandhu]|;
Having known common opinions,
he regards with equanimity where others grasp.

Having untied the knots here in the world,
the sage does not take sides when disputes occur;
Peaceful among the unpeaceful, he remains |equanimous::mental poised, mentally balanced, equanimous, non-reactive, disregarding [upekkhaka]|,
|not grasping::not embracing, not taking up [anuggaha]| where others grasp.

Having abandoned former |taints::defilements, pollutants [āsava]| and not making new ones,
not |driven by desire::pulled along by impulse [chandagū]| nor a |proponent of dogma::fixed in opinion [nivissavādī]|;
Released from speculative views, that |steadfast::firm, stable, wise [dhīra]| one,
untainted by the world, is |free of self-blame::not criticizing oneself [anattagarahī]|.

He is |disarmed with respect to::at peace with [visenibhūta]| |all states of mind::all mental phenomena, all things [sabbadhamma]|,
in whatever is seen, heard, or sensed;
With his burden dropped, the sage is freed,
not |constructing ideas::fabricating concepts [kappiya]|, not abstaining, not wishing.”

“Ye kecime diṭṭhiparibbasānā,
Idameva saccanti vivādayanti;
Sabbeva te nindamanvānayanti,
Atho pasaṁsampi labhanti tattha”.

“Appañhi etaṁ na alaṁ samāya,
Duve vivādassa phalāni brūmi;
Etampi disvā na vivādayetha,
Khemābhipassaṁ avivādabhūmiṁ”.

“Yā kācimā sammutiyo puthujjā,
Sabbāva etā na upeti vidvā;
Anūpayo so upayaṁ kimeyya,
Diṭṭhe sute khantimakubbamāno”.

“Sīluttamā saññamenāhu suddhiṁ,
Vataṁ samādāya upaṭṭhitāse;
Idheva sikkhema athassa suddhiṁ,
Bhavūpanītā kusalāvadānā.

Sace cuto sīlavatato hoti,
Pavedhatī kamma virādhayitvā;
Pajappatī patthayatī ca suddhiṁ,
Satthāva hīno pavasaṁ gharamhā.

Sīlabbataṁ vāpi pahāya sabbaṁ,
Kammañca sāvajjanavajjametaṁ;
Suddhiṁ asuddhinti apatthayāno,
Virato care santimanuggahāya.

Tamūpanissāya jigucchitaṁ vā,
Atha vāpi diṭṭhaṁ va sutaṁ mutaṁ vā;
Uddhaṁsarā suddhimanutthunanti,
Avītataṇhāse bhavābhavesu.

Patthayamānassa hi jappitāni,
Pavedhitaṁ vāpi pakappitesu;
Cutūpapāto idha yassa natthi,
Sa kena vedheyya kuhiṁ va jappe”.

“Yamāhu dhammaṁ paramanti eke,
Tameva hīnanti panāhu aññe;
Sacco nu vādo katamo imesaṁ,
Sabbeva hīme kusalāvadānā”.

“Sakañhi dhammaṁ paripuṇṇamāhu,
Aññassa dhammaṁ pana hīnamāhu;
Evampi viggayha vivādayanti,
Sakaṁ sakaṁ sammutimāhu saccaṁ.

Parassa ce vambhayitena hīno,
Na koci dhammesu visesi assa;
Puthū hi aññassa vadanti dhammaṁ,
Nihīnato samhi daḷhaṁ vadānā.

Saddhammapūjāpi nesaṁ tatheva,
Yathā pasaṁsanti sakāyanāni;
Sabbeva vādā tathiyā bhaveyyuṁ,
Suddhī hi nesaṁ paccattameva.

Na brāhmaṇassa paraneyyamatthi,
Dhammesu niccheyya samuggahītaṁ;
Tasmā vivādāni upātivatto,
Na hi seṭṭhato passati dhammamaññaṁ.

Jānāmi passāmi tatheva etaṁ,
Diṭṭhiyā eke paccenti suddhiṁ;
Addakkhi ce kiñhi tumassa tena,
Atisitvā aññena vadanti suddhiṁ.

Passaṁ naro dakkhati nāmarūpaṁ,
Disvāna ñassati tānimeva;
Kāmaṁ bahuṁ passatu appakaṁ vā,
Na hi tena suddhiṁ kusalā vadanti.

Nivissavādī na hi subbināyo,
Pakappitaṁ diṭṭhi purakkharāno;
Yaṁ nissito tattha subhaṁ vadāno,
Suddhiṁ vado tattha tathaddasā so.

Na brāhmaṇo kappamupeti saṅkhā,
Na diṭṭhisārī napi ñāṇabandhu;
Ñatvā ca so sammutiyo puthujjā,
Upekkhatī uggahaṇanti maññe.

Vissajja ganthāni munīdha loke,
Vivādajātesu na vaggasārī;
Santo asantesu upekkhako so,
Anuggaho uggahaṇanti maññe.

Pubbāsave hitvā nave akubbaṁ,
Na chandagū nopi nivissavādī;
Sa vippamutto diṭṭhigatehi dhīro,
Na lippati loke anattagarahī.

Sa sabbadhammesu visenibhūto,
Yaṁ kiñci diṭṭhaṁ va sutaṁ mutaṁ vā;
Sa pannabhāro muni vippamutto,
Na kappiyo nūparato na patthiyo”ti.

Last updated on September 13, 2025

CC0 License Button