Imprisoned by the aggregates, the uninstructed ordinary person does not see the near shore or the far shore, grows old in bondage, dies in bondage, and passes from this world to the next still bound.

PTS 3.164

SN 22.117 Bandhana sutta - Imprisoned

Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

At Sāvatthi.

“Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṁ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṁ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṁ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā rūpaṁ, rūpasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano rūpabandhanabaddho santarabāhirabandhanabaddho atīradassī apāradassī, baddho jīyati baddho mīyati baddho asmā lokā paraṁ lokaṁ gacchati.

“Here, an uninstructed ordinary person, who has no regard for the Noble Ones and is unskilled and untrained in the Dhamma of the Noble Ones; who has no regard for persons of integrity and is unskilled and untrained in the Dhamma of persons of integrity—perceivesform as self, or self as possessing form, or form as being in self, or self as being in form. This is called an uninstructed ordinary person who is imprisoned by form, imprisoned both internally and externally, who sees neither the near shore nor the far shore, who grows old in bondage, dies in bondage, and, passes from this world to the next still bound.

Vedanaṁ attato samanupassati, vedanavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā vedanaṁ, vedanasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano vedanābandhanabaddho santarabāhirabandhanabaddho atīradassī apāradassī, baddho jīyati baddho mīyati baddho asmā lokā paraṁ lokaṁ gacchati.

He perceives feeling as self, or self as possessing feeling, or feeling as being in self, or self as being in feeling. This is called an uninstructed ordinary person who is imprisoned by feeling, imprisoned both internally and externally, who sees neither the near shore nor the far shore, who grows old in bondage, dies in bondage, and, passes from this world to the next world still bound.

Saññaṁ attato samanupassati, saññavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā saññaṁ, saññasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, saṅkhāravantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā saṅkhāraṁ, saṅkhārasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Viññāṇaṁ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā viññāṇaṁ, viññāṇasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano viññāṇabandhanabaddho santarabāhirabandhanabaddho atīradassī apāradassī, baddho jīyati baddho mīyati baddho asmā lokā paraṁ lokaṁ gacchati.

He perceives perception as self, or self as possessing perception, or perception as being in self, or self as being in perception. He perceives intentional constructs as self, or self as possessing intentional constructs, or intentional constructs as being in self, or self as being in intentional constructs. He perceives consciousness as self, or self as possessing consciousness, or consciousness as being in self, or self as being in consciousness. This is called an uninstructed ordinary person who is imprisoned by [perception, intentional constructs, and] consciousness, imprisoned both internally and externally, who sees neither the near shore nor the far shore, who grows old in bondage, dies in bondage, and, passes from this world to the next still bound.

Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyānaṁ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto, sappurisānaṁ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṁ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā rūpaṁ, na rūpasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako na rūpabandhanabaddho, na santarabāhirabandhanabaddho, tīradassī, pāradassī; ‘parimutto so dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi.

A learned disciple of the Noble Ones who has regard for the Noble Ones and is skilled and trained in the Dhamma of the Noble Ones; who has regard for persons of integrity and is skilled and trained in the Dhamma of persons of integrity—does not perceive form as self, or self as possessing form, or form as being in self, or self as being in form. This is called a learned disciple of the Noble Ones who is not imprisoned by form, not imprisoned either internally or externally, who sees the near shore and who sees the far shore. I say that he is freed from suffering.

Na vedanaṁ attato samanupassati, na vedanavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā vedanaṁ, na vedanasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Na saññaṁ attato samanupassati, na saññavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā saññaṁ, na saññasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Na saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, na saṅkhāravantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā saṅkhāraṁ, na saṅkhārasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Na viññāṇaṁ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā viññāṇaṁ, na viññāṇasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako na viññāṇabandhanabaddho, na santarabāhirabandhanabaddho, tīradassī, pāradassī, ‘parimutto so dukkhasmā’ti vadāmī”ti.

He does not perceive feeling as self, or self as possessing feeling, or feeling as being in self, or self as being in feeling. He does not perceive perception as self, or self as possessing perception, or perception as being in self, or self as being in perception. He does not perceive intentional constructs as self, or self as possessing intentional constructs, or intentional constructs as being in self, or self as being in intentional constructs. He does not perceive consciousness as self, or self as possessing consciousness, or consciousness as being in self, or self as being in consciousness. This is called a learned disciple of the Noble Ones who is not imprisoned by [feeling, perception, intentional constructs, and] consciousness, not imprisoned either internally or externally, who sees the near shore and who sees the far shore. I say that he is freed from suffering.”

Qualities:

Attachment

Attachment

A mental fastening onto people, things, views, or states as “me” or “mine,” unwilling to release them. This clinging can give a sense of security and sweetness.

Also known as: acquisition, bond, clinging, grasping, holding on, possession, entanglement, bound, connected, taking as mine
Pāli: upadhi, upādāna, sakiñcana, mamatta
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Ending

Ending

The complete exhaustion and ending of craving, aversion, and delusion—the three roots of suffering. It refers to both the gradual wearing away of defilements through practice and the final cessation that constitutes Nibbāna.

Also known as: cessation, exhaustion, gradual ending, wearing away
Pāli: khaya, khīṇa, nirodha
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Recognition of not-self

Recognition of not-self

Seeing that no phenomenon can rightly be taken as “I” or “mine.” It reveals the impersonal, dependently arisen nature of all experience, undermining conceit and attachment to identity.

Also known as: recognition of non-self or no-self, perception of not being suitable to identify with, realization of being subject to change, recognition of alteration and changing nature
Pāli: anattasaññā
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Self-making

Self-making

Spiritual or worldly striving to “be someone,” the “I must become something” energy

Also known as: an aspiration for identity, craving to be, drive for status or attainment, romanticizing some better self or future state
Pāli: bhavataṇhā, bhavesanā
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Last updated on October 4, 2026

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