A group of elder bhikkhus discuss how realizing one of the Four Noble Truths implies realizing them all. The venerable Gavampati confirms this by quoting the Buddha directly: whoever sees suffering, its arising, its end, or the way of practice leading to its end, simultaneously sees the other three, demonstrating the unified realization of the Dhamma.

SN 56.30 Gavampati sutta - Gavampati

Ekaṁ samayaṁ sambahulā therā bhikkhū cetesu viharanti sahañcanike. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulānaṁ therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pacchābhattaṁ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṁ maṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṁ sannipatitānaṁ ayamantarākathā udapādi:

At one time, many elder bhikkhus were dwelling among the |Cetās::people of the country of Ceta [cetā]| at |Sahañcanika::name of a Cetan town [sahañcanika]|. And on that occasion, after the meal, when those many elder bhikkhus had returned from the alms round, they gathered in the round pavilion and were seated together when this conversation arose among them:

“yo nu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṁ passati dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadampi passatī”ti.

“Friends, one who sees |suffering::discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering [dukkha]| also sees the |arising of suffering::source of stress, appearance of discomfort [dukkhasamudaya]|, also sees the |end of suffering::ending of discontentment, cessation of distress [dukkhanirodha]|, and also sees the |way of practice leading to the end of suffering::i.e. the Noble Eightfold Path consisting of right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right collectedness [dukkhanirodhagāmī]|.”

Evaṁ vutte, āyasmā gavampati thero bhikkhū etadavoca: “sammukhā metaṁ, āvuso, bhagavato sutaṁ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:

When this was said, the venerable Gavampati said to the senior bhikkhus: “Friends, I have heard this directly from the Blessed One, learned this in his presence:

‘yo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ passati dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadampi passati.

‘Bhikkhus, one who sees suffering also sees the arising of suffering, also sees the end of suffering, and also sees the way of practice leading to the end of suffering.

Yo dukkhasamudayaṁ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadampi passati.

One who sees the arising of suffering also sees suffering, also sees the end of suffering, and also sees the way of practice leading to the end of suffering.

Yo dukkhanirodhaṁ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhasamudayampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadampi passati.

One who sees the end of suffering also sees suffering, also sees the arising of suffering, and also sees the way of practice leading to the end of suffering.

Yo dukkhanirodhagāminiṁ paṭipadaṁ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhasamudayampi passati, dukkhanirodhampi passatī’”ti.

One who sees the way of practice leading to the end of suffering also sees suffering, also sees the arising of suffering, and also sees the end of suffering.’”

Qualities:

Complete comprehension

Complete comprehension

The thorough understanding of phenomena as they truly are—fully knowing their arising, passing, and the unsatisfactoriness inherent in them while they persist.

Also known as: full understanding, knowing full well, seeing things as they are
Pāli: pariññāya, sammadaññā, sampajañña, saṅkhāya
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Ending

Ending

The complete exhaustion and ending of craving, aversion, and delusion—the three roots of suffering. It refers to both the gradual wearing away of defilements through practice and the final cessation that constitutes Nibbāna.

Also known as: cessation, exhaustion, gradual ending, wearing away
Pāli: khaya, khīṇa, nirodha
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Right view

Right view

View that is in line with the Dhamma — teachings of the Buddha that point to the nature of reality, the ultimate truth.

Also known as: right understanding, right belief, view that is inline with the Dhamma
Pāli: sammādiṭṭhi
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Suffering

Suffering

Unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering that is inherent in conditioned existence.

Also known as: discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentedness, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, distress, affliction
Pāli: dukkha
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Vision

Vision

The corrective clarity that clearly sees into the true nature of things as they actually are.

Also known as: knowledge and vision, seeing clearly, seeing things as they are, seeing the truth, seeing the dhamma
Pāli: dassana, ñāṇadassana, yathābhūtañāṇadassana
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Last updated on July 23, 2026