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Discourses
When a precocious young brahmin challenges the Buddha regarding the absolute authority of the Vedic scriptures, the Buddha deconstructs blind faith by comparing it to a chain of blind men. He then maps out the gradual path of inquiry, explaining the step-by-step process of preserving the truth, awakening to the truth, and finally arriving at the truth through direct realization.
PTS 2.164–2.176The Buddha’s final journey from Rājagaha to Kusinārā, detailing the conditions for non-decline, his illness and relinquishment of the life force, his last instructions to the Saṅgha, his final Nibbāna between the twin sāla trees, the cremation, and the distribution of the relics.
PTS 2.72–2.168The Buddha reframes Siṅgālaka’s ritual of revering the six directions into practical lay ethics. He explains abandoning corrupt deeds, avoiding six drains on wealth, discerning true from false friends, and fulfilling reciprocal duties across six social relationships to achieve happiness in this world and the next.
PTS 3.180–3.193The venerable Mahāmoggallāna enumerates sixteen unwholesome qualities, such as being irritable, a denigrator, and deceitful, that make someone difficult to admonish. He then teaches the method of self-inference—understanding that our flaws are just as disagreeable to others as theirs are to us.
PTS 1.95–1.100The Buddha explains how even small attachments can be strong fetters if not relinquished, using similes of a quail and an elephant, and contrasts between the poor and wealthy. He describes four types of practitioners based on their response to attachment and mindfulness. The discourse also presents gradual refinement of meditative attainments from the first jhāna to the cessation of perception and what is felt.
PTS 1.447–1.455Sakuludāyī marvels at the profound respect the Buddha receives. The Buddha explains this reverence stems not from strict asceticism—as some disciples are stricter than he is—but from his supreme virtue, exceptional knowledge, higher wisdom, mastery of the Four Noble Truths, and teachings leading to ultimate liberation.
PTS 2.1–2.21The Buddha distinguishes pleasant abidings in the here and now from the way of effacement leading upwards to complete quenching. Effacement is shown as the gradual chipping away of defilements through restraint, cultivation of the noble eightfold path, and diligent training, culminating in the complete freedom of Nibbāna.
PTS 1.40–1.45The Buddha explains the difference in the results of giving disrespectfully and giving with respect. Recalling his past life as the brahmin Velāma, he shows that inner purity and wisdom surpass even the grandest charity—feeding one with right view, cultivating loving-kindness, or realizing impermanence even for a brief time brings far greater fruit than any lavish gift.
PTS 4.392–4.395Redefining ‘luck’ as the fruit of skillful action, the Buddha outlines the highest blessings that bring lasting well-being and peace.
PTS 2–5The Buddha describes five kinds of gifts of a true person - 1.) giving out of faith, 2.) giving with respect, 2.) giving at a suitable time, 4.) giving unreservedly, and 5.) giving without harming oneself or another.
PTS 3.172Seeing retreat tree roots, King Pasenadi recollects the Buddha and travels to see the Buddha and offer him a heartfelt eulogy, detailing the flawless discipline and radiant harmony of the Saṅgha.
PTS 2.118–2.124Using the analogy of a capable cowherd, the Buddha outlines eleven qualities for spiritual growth, including understanding, diligent inquiry, self-restraint, and loving-kindness. As a good herdsman tends his cattle, so a wise bhikkhu tends the mind, cultivating the care and discernment that lead to growth, fulfillment, and mastery in the Dhamma and Vinaya.
PTS 1.220–1.224The Buddha explains that to enter upon the fixed course of rightness, one must not disparage the teaching, speaker, or oneself, but listen with a settled mind while paying radical attention.
PTS 3.174The Buddha shines a light on the vital practice of dedicating merit to departed relatives. Unable to sustain themselves through worldly means like farming or trade, they rely entirely on offerings given on their behalf.
PTS 6Shortly after the Buddha’s final Nibbāna, Venerable Ānanda addresses the brahmins Gopaka Moggallāna and chief minister Vassakāra, clarifying that the Buddha appointed no successor, establishing the Dhamma itself as the refuge for the Saṅgha. He outlines ten qualities that make a bhikkhu worthy of veneration and distinguishes the meditations praised by the Buddha from those based on hindrances.
PTS 3.7–3.14Where children honor their mother and father, those families are said to dwell with Brahmā.
PTS 109–110The Buddha reflects on who he should honor and respect after his full awakening. Brahmā Sahampati encourages him to honor and respect the Dhamma.
PTS 1.138–1.139Redefining ‘luck’ as the fruit of skillful action, the Buddha outlines the highest blessings that bring lasting well-being and peace.
PTS 46The Buddha teaches about integrity, gratitude, how one can repay one’s parents, action and non-action, who to make offerings to, persons who are internally or externally fettered, and the importance of right practice and well grasp of the Dhamma. The chapter gets its name from the AN 2.36 discourse.
PTS 1.61–1.69The Buddha teaches on two hopes that are difficult to abandon, two kinds of people who are rare in the world, two kinds of people who are difficult to satisfy, two causes for the arising of passion, aversion, wrong view, and right view, and two kinds of offenses.
PTS 1.86–1.88Where children honor their mother and father, those families are said to dwell with Brahmā.
PTS 1.132The Buddha reflects on who he should honor and respect after his full awakening. Brahmā Sahampati encourages him to honor and respect the Dhamma.
PTS 2.20–2.21A radiant deity visits the Buddha and shares six qualities that ensure the non-decline of a bhikkhu - 1) respect for the Teacher, 2) the Dhamma, 3) the Saṅgha, 4) the training, 5) diligence, and 6) courteousness. The Buddha affirms these qualities as supportive of progress toward Nibbāna.
PTS 3.330A radiant deity visits the Buddha and shares six qualities that ensure the non-decline of a bhikkhu - 1) respect for the Teacher, 2) the Dhamma, 3) the Saṅgha, 4) the training, 5) conscience, and 6) moral dread. The Buddha confirms these as conditions for stability and progress on the path.
PTS 3.331–3.333The Buddha contrasts two sets of six qualities that determine one's capacity for progress when hearing the Dhamma. One is incapable of growth in wholesome qualities if they are unwilling to listen, inattentive, misinterpret the meaning, and hold contrary views.
PTS 3.437The Buddha shares seven factors that make a family unsuitable to approach or sit with, such as failing to greet pleasantly, concealing wealth, or giving disrespectfully.
PTS 4.10The Buddha explains the eight causes and conditions that lead to the attainment, further development, growth, cultivation, and fulfillment of wisdom that pertains to the fundamentals of the spiritual life.
PTS 4.151–4.154The Buddha likens a person of integrity to a nourishing rain cloud. By practicing generosity and honoring family, friends, and spiritual practitioners, they dispel stinginess and attain an auspicious rebirth.
PTS 4.244The story of Suppabuddha, a poor, impoverished, and pitiful leper who attains the stainless Dhamma eye after hearing a progressive discourse.
PTS 48–50Dhammapada verses 100-115 share the importance of one teaching that brings peace, the benefits of self-conquest, the value of honoring the awakened, and the importance of rousing of energy and recognizing impermanence.
PTS 29–32DhammaPada verses 179-196 describe the boundless and traceless nature of the Buddha, the teachings of all the Buddhas, rarity of a human birth, rarity of the arising of a Buddha, what is a safe refuge that leads to release from suffering, and the merit gained by ones who honor the Buddhas or their disciples.
PTS 51–55Dhammapada verses 360–382 depict the ideal bhikkhu as one who restrains the senses, body, speech, and mind, leading to freedom from suffering. Emphasis is placed on mindfulness, inner joy, collectedness, and self-reliance. Through discipline and reflection, the bhikkhu advances towards the peace of Nibbāna, shining like the moon freed from clouds.
PTS 101–106Affirming refuge in the Buddha, Dhamma, and Saṅgha, repeated three times, to nurture attentiveness, inquisitiveness, and receptivity when learning, reflecting, or practicing in line with the words of the Buddha.
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