The Buddha describes the foremost of his bhikkhu disciples in various categories.

PTS 1.24

AN 1.219–234 Catuttha Etadagga vagga - The Chapter on the Foremost (Fourth)

1.219

“Etadaggaṁ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ bahussutānaṁ yadidaṁ ānando.

“The foremost of my bhikkhu disciples among those who are very learned is Ānanda.

1.220

… Satimantānaṁ yadidaṁ ānando.

among those who are mindful is Ānanda.

1.221

… Gatimantānaṁ yadidaṁ ānando.

among those with excellent retention is Ānanda.

1.222

… Dhitimantānaṁ yadidaṁ ānando.

among those with total recall is Ānanda.

1.223

… Upaṭṭhākānaṁ yadidaṁ ānando.

among personal attendants is Ānanda.

1.224

… Mahāparisānaṁ yadidaṁ uruvelakassapo.

among those having a large following is Kassapa from Uruvelā.

1.225

… Kulappasādakānaṁ yadidaṁ kāḷudāyī.

among those who inspire confidence in families is Kāludāyi.

1.226

… Appābādhānaṁ yadidaṁ bākulo.

among those who are seldom sick is Bākula.

1.227

… Pubbenivāsaṁ anussarantānaṁ yadidaṁ sobhito.

among those who recollect past lives is Sobhita.

1.228

… Vinayadharānaṁ yadidaṁ upāli.

among those who are experts in Vinaya is Upāli.

1.229

… Bhikkhunovādakānaṁ yadidaṁ nandako.

among those who are instructors of nuns is Nandaka.

1.230

… Indriyesu guttadvārānaṁ yadidaṁ nando.

among those who guard the doors of the sense faculties is Nanda.

1.231

… Bhikkhuovādakānaṁ yadidaṁ mahākappino.

among those who instruct the bhikkhus is Mahākappina.

1.232

… Tejodhātukusalānaṁ yadidaṁ sāgato.

among those who are skilled in the fire element is Sāgata.

1.233

… Paṭibhāneyyakānaṁ yadidaṁ rādho.

among those inspiring eloquence is Rādha.

1.234

… Lūkhacīvaradharānaṁ yadidaṁ mogharājā”ti.

among those who wear coarse robes is Mogharāja.”

Qualities:

Inspiration

Inspiration

A mental quality characterized by a sudden burst of creative insight or understanding, often leading to innovative ideas or solutions.

Also known as: eloquence, intuition, ingenuity, wit, creativity
Pāli: paṭibhāna
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Learning

Learning

One who has broad learning and retention of the Dhamma, gained through hearing, reciting, and carefully investigating the teachings. Such learning penetrates their meaning through discernment and serves as a strong support for practice.

Also known as: having knowledge, well studied
Pāli: bahussuta, suta
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Mindfulness

Mindfulness

Active presence of mind and lucid retention; the faculty that remembers the Dhamma, anchors attention to the chosen object or present experience, and guards the mind against unwholesome states.

Also known as: recollecting, remembering, keeping in mind, presence, awareness
Pāli: sati, anussati
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Psychic power

Psychic power

Supernormal capacities resulting from a practice of collectedness rooted in aspiration, determination, purification of mind, and investigation of phenomena.

Also known as: supernormal abilities, psychic ability, spiritual power
Pāli: iddhi, iddhimant
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Sense restraint

Sense restraint

A practice of guarding the sense doors by not grasping at the general features or details of sense objects when seeing, hearing, sensing, and cognizing.

Also known as: guarding the sense faculties, watching the sense doors, not grasping at the prominent features or details of sense objects, moderation in eating
Pāli: indriya saṁvara
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Last updated on October 9, 2026

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