The Buddha teaches on perceptions, presenting a sixfold teaching for disciples on the path.
“Tayome, bhikkhave, dhammā. Katame tayo? Kāmasaññā, byāpādasaññā, vihiṁsāsaññā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhammā. Imesaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya tayo dhammā bhāvetabbā. Katame tayo? Kāmasaññāya pahānāya nekkhammasaññā bhāvetabbā, byāpādasaññāya pahānāya abyāpādasaññā bhāvetabbā, vihiṁsāsaññāya pahānāya avihiṁsāsaññā bhāvetabbā. Imesaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya ime tayo dhammā bhāvetabbā”ti.
Catutthaṁ.
Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
“Tayome, bhikkhave, dhammā.
“Mendicants, there are these three things.
Katame tayo?
What three?
Kāmasaññā, byāpādasaññā, vihiṁsāsaññā.
Sensual, malicious, and cruel perceptions.
Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhammā.
These are the three things.
Imesaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya tayo dhammā bhāvetabbā.
To give up these three things you should develop three things.
Katame tayo?
What three?
Kāmasaññāya pahānāya nekkhammasaññā bhāvetabbā, byāpādasaññāya pahānāya abyāpādasaññā bhāvetabbā, vihiṁsāsaññāya pahānāya avihiṁsāsaññā bhāvetabbā.
You should develop perceptions of renunciation to give up sensual perceptions, perceptions of good will to give up malicious perceptions, and perceptions of harmlessness to give up cruel perceptions.
Imesaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya ime tayo dhammā bhāvetabbā”ti.
These are the three things you should develop to give up those three things.”
Catutthaṁ.
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Last updated on July 27, 2026