The Buddha teaches the four noble truths regarding goats and sheep, urging mendicants to practice for direct knowledge of suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.

SN 56.88 Goats and Sheep

“Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā …pe….

Aṭṭhamaṁ.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

“Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā …pe….

“… the sentient beings who refrain from receiving goats and sheep are few, while those who don’t refrain are many. …”

Aṭṭhamaṁ.

Qualities:

Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026