The Buddha teaches the four noble truths regarding at the village of koṭi (2nd), urging mendicants to practice for direct knowledge of suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.

SN 56.22 At the Village of Koṭi (2nd)

“Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā samaṇesu samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṁ brahmaññatthaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.

Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti, te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā, te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī”ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṁ vatvāna sugato athāparaṁ etadavoca satthā:

“Ye dukkhaṁ nappajānanti,
atho dukkhassa sambhavaṁ;
Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṁ,
asesaṁ uparujjhati.

Tañca maggaṁ na jānanti,
Dukkhūpasamagāminaṁ;
Cetovimuttihīnā te,
Atho paññāvimuttiyā;
Abhabbā te antakiriyāya,
Te ve jātijarūpagā.

Ye ca dukkhaṁ pajānanti,
atho dukkhassa sambhavaṁ;
Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṁ,
asesaṁ uparujjhati.

Tañca maggaṁ pajānanti,
dukkhūpasamagāminaṁ;
Cetovimuttisampannā,
atho paññāvimuttiyā;
Bhabbā te antakiriyāya,
na te jātijarūpagā”ti.

Dutiyaṁ.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

“Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānanti,

“Mendicants, there are ascetics and brahmins who don’t truly understand about suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.

na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā samaṇesu samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṁ brahmaññatthaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.

I don’t deem them as true ascetics and brahmins. Those venerables don’t realize the goal of life as an ascetic or brahmin, and don’t live having realized it with their own insight.

Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānanti,

There are ascetics and brahmins who do truly understand about suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.

te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā brāhmaṇā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā, te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī”ti.

I deem them as true ascetics and brahmins. Those venerables realize the goal of life as an ascetic or brahmin, and live having realized it with their own insight.”

Idamavoca bhagavā.

That is what the Buddha said.

Idaṁ vatvāna sugato athāparaṁ etadavoca satthā:

Then the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say:

“Ye dukkhaṁ nappajānanti,

“There are those who don’t understand suffering

atho dukkhassa sambhavaṁ;

and suffering’s cause,

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṁ,

and where all suffering

asesaṁ uparujjhati.

ceases no residue left behind.

Tañca maggaṁ na jānanti,

And they do not know the path

Dukkhūpasamagāminaṁ;

that leads to the stilling of suffering.

Cetovimuttihīnā te,

They lack the heart’s release,

Atho paññāvimuttiyā;

as well as the release by wisdom.

Abhabbā te antakiriyāya,

Unable to make an end,

Te ve jātijarūpagā.

they continue to be reborn and grow old.

Ye ca dukkhaṁ pajānanti,

But there are those who understand suffering

atho dukkhassa sambhavaṁ;

and suffering’s cause,

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṁ,

and where all suffering

asesaṁ uparujjhati.

ceases no residue left behind.

Tañca maggaṁ pajānanti,

And they understand the path

dukkhūpasamagāminaṁ;

that leads to the stilling of suffering.

Cetovimuttisampannā,

They’re endowed with the heart’s release,

atho paññāvimuttiyā;

as well as the release by wisdom.

Bhabbā te antakiriyāya,

Able to make an end,

na te jātijarūpagā”ti.

they don’t continue to be reborn and grow old.”

Dutiyaṁ.

Topics & Qualities:

Ending

Ending

The complete exhaustion and ending of craving, aversion, and delusion—the three roots of suffering. It refers to both the gradual wearing away of defilements through practice and the final cessation that constitutes Nibbāna.

Also known as: cessation, exhaustion, gradual ending, wearing away
Pāli: khaya, khīṇa, nirodha
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Insight

Insight

Insight is deep, intuitive realization that transforms understanding and guides practice.

Also known as: having insight, with understanding, right knowledge
Pāli: ñāṇa, sammāñāṇa
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Liberation

Liberation

Liberation can imply a temporary release of the mind, i.e. liberated from certain unwholesome mental qualities or complete liberation from all unwholesome qualities of the mind, i.e. Nibbāna.

Also known as: freedom, release, emancipation, deliverance
Pāli: vimutti, vimokkha, cetovimutti, paññāvimutti, akuppā cetovimutti
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Suffering

Suffering

Unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering that is inherent in conditioned existence.

Also known as: discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentedness, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, distress, affliction
Pāli: dukkha
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026