The Buddha teaches a repeated formula on the four noble truths—suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the practice leading to its cessation—regarding dying as animals and reborn as humans in this grouped discourse.
… “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā niraye paccājāyanti …pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti …pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti …pe….
Ekavīsatimaṁ.
Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
… “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā niraye paccājāyanti …pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti …pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti …pe….
“… the sentient beings who die as animals and are reborn as humans are few, while those who die as animals and are reborn in hell, or the animal realm, or the ghost realm are many.”
Ekavīsatimaṁ.
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Last updated on July 27, 2026