The Buddha teaches on the seven awakening factors regarding a wheel-turning monarch, guiding mendicants to develop mindfulness through equanimity for the ending of defilements.

SN 46.42 A Wheel-Turning Monarch -

“Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā sattannaṁ ratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hoti. Katamesaṁ sattannaṁ? Cakkaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, hatthiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, assaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, maṇiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, itthiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, gahapatiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, pariṇāyakaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā imesaṁ sattannaṁ ratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hoti.

Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa sattannaṁ bojjhaṅgaratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hoti. Katamesaṁ sattannaṁ? Satisambojjhaṅgassa ratanassa pātubhāvo hoti …pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa ratanassa pātubhāvo hoti. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa imesaṁ sattannaṁ bojjhaṅgaratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hotī”ti.

Dutiyaṁ.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

“Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā sattannaṁ ratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hoti.

“Mendicants, when a Wheel-Turning Monarch appears seven treasures appear.

Katamesaṁ sattannaṁ?

What seven?

Cakkaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, hatthiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, assaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, maṇiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, itthiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, gahapatiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, pariṇāyakaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti.

The wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander.

Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā imesaṁ sattannaṁ ratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hoti.

When a Wheel-Turning Monarch appears these seven treasures appear.

Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa sattannaṁ bojjhaṅgaratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hoti.

When a Realized One, a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha appears the seven treasures of the awakening factors appear.

Katamesaṁ sattannaṁ?

What seven?

Satisambojjhaṅgassa ratanassa pātubhāvo hoti …pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa ratanassa pātubhāvo hoti.

The treasures of the awakening factors of mindfulness, investigation of principles, energy, rapture, tranquility, immersion, and equanimity.

Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa imesaṁ sattannaṁ bojjhaṅgaratanānaṁ pātubhāvo hotī”ti.

When a Realized One, a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha appears these seven treasures of the awakening factors appear.”

Dutiyaṁ.

Topics & Qualities:

Equanimity

Equanimity

A state of mental poise and balance, characterized by non-reactivity and composure in the face of agreeable or disagreeable experiences.

Also known as: mental poise, mental balance, equipose, non-reactivity, composure
Pāli: upekkha
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Investigation

Investigation

Investigation involves the process of a careful inquiry of mental states, qualities, and phenomena, examining their arising, persisting, and ceasing in order to understand their true nature and support the cultivation of wisdom and awakening.

Also known as: inquiry, contemplation, examination, analysis, exploration
Pāli: vicaya, vīmaṃsā, parikkhati
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Mindfulness

Mindfulness

Active presence of mind and lucid retention; the faculty that remembers the Dhamma, anchors attention to the chosen object or present experience, and guards the mind against unwholesome states.

Also known as: recollecting, remembering, keeping in mind, presence, awareness
Pāli: sati, anussati
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Tranquility

Tranquility

A mental quality of calm and stillness that arises when the body and mind are unburdened by agitation.

Also known as: calmness, peacefulness, serenity
Pāli: passaddhi, santi, upasama, upasanta
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Uplifting joy

Uplifting joy

An energetic mental quality that creates a sense of lift or thrill; it ranges from a gentle delight to overwhelming rapture.

Also known as: heartfelt joy, mental exhilaration, rapture, lit. refreshment
Pāli: pīti
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Vigour

Vigour

Energetic effort and resilience in practice. It is the refusal to shrink back, the 'uphill' force that initiates and sustains wholesome actions against the gravity of habit.

Also known as: energy, effort, enthusiasm, zeal, application of will, persistence
Pāli: vīriya
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Last updated on July 27, 2026