The Buddha presents a repeated teaching on the six internal and external sense bases regarding the exterior as impermanent in the three times in this grouped discourse.

SN 35.195-197 The Exterior as Impermanent in the Three Times

“Rūpā, bhikkhave, aniccā atītā anāgatā paccuppannā. Saddāgandhārasāphoṭṭhabbādhammā aniccā atītā anāgatā paccuppannā.

Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

“Rūpā, bhikkhave, aniccā atītā anāgatā paccuppannā. Saddāgandhārasāphoṭṭhabbādhammā aniccā atītā anāgatā paccuppannā.

“Mendicants, in the past … future … present sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas are impermanent …”

Evaṁ passaṁ …pe…

nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

Qualities:

Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026