The Buddha presents a repeated teaching on the six internal and external sense bases regarding the interior as suffering in the three times in this grouped discourse.

SN 35.189-191 The Interior as Suffering in the Three Times

“Cakkhu, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ atītaṁ anāgataṁ paccuppannaṁ …pe… jivhā dukkhā atītā anāgatā paccuppannā …pe… mano dukkho atīto anāgato paccuppanno.

Evaṁ passaṁ, bhikkhave …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

“Cakkhu, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ atītaṁ anāgataṁ paccuppannaṁ …pe… jivhā dukkhā atītā anāgatā paccuppannā …pe… mano dukkho atīto anāgato paccuppanno.

“Mendicants, in the past … future … present the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind are suffering …”

Evaṁ passaṁ, bhikkhave …pe…

nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

Qualities:

Suffering

Suffering

Unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering that is inherent in conditioned existence.

Also known as: discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentedness, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, distress, affliction
Pāli: dukkha
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026