The Buddha teaches on the six sense bases regarding the exterior as suffering in the three times, guiding disciples toward discernment of sense experience and release from clinging.

SN 35.11 The Exterior as Suffering in the Three Times

“Rūpā, bhikkhave, dukkhā atītānāgatā; ko pana vādo paccuppannānaṁ.

Evaṁ passaṁ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītesu rūpesu anapekkho hoti; anāgate rūpe nābhinandati; paccuppannānaṁ rūpānaṁ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hotī”ti …pe….

Ekādasamaṁ.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

“Rūpā, bhikkhave, dukkhā atītānāgatā;

“Mendicants, sights of the past and future are suffering,

ko pana vādo paccuppannānaṁ.

let alone the present. …”

Evaṁ passaṁ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītesu rūpesu anapekkho hoti;

anāgate rūpe nābhinandati; paccuppannānaṁ rūpānaṁ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hotī”ti …pe….

Ekādasamaṁ.

Qualities:

Suffering

Suffering

Unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering that is inherent in conditioned existence.

Also known as: discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentedness, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, distress, affliction
Pāli: dukkha
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026