The Buddha teaches on at ñātika, presenting an analysis of dependent origination and the causal links that give rise to suffering.

SN 12.45 At Ñātika

Evaṁ me sutaṁ ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā ñātike viharati giñjakāvasathe. Atha kho bhagavā rahogato paṭisallāno imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ abhāsi:

“Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṁ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca …pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe cajivhañca paṭicca rase cakāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe camanañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṁ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca …pe… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī”ti.

Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu bhagavato upassuti ṭhito hoti. Addasā kho bhagavā taṁ bhikkhuṁ upassuti ṭhitaṁ. Disvāna taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavoca: “assosi no tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyan”ti?

“Evaṁ, bhante”ti.

“Uggaṇhāhi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ; dhārehi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ. Atthasaṁhito ayaṁ, bhikkhu, dhammapariyāyo ādibrahmacariyako”ti.

Pañcamaṁ.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

Evaṁ me sutaṁ

So I have heard.

ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā ñātike viharati giñjakāvasathe.

At one time the Buddha was staying at Ñātika in the brick house.

Atha kho bhagavā rahogato paṭisallāno imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ abhāsi:

Then while the Buddha was in private retreat he spoke this exposition of the teaching:

“Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso.

“Eye consciousness arises dependent on the eye and sights. The meeting of the three is contact.

Phassapaccayā vedanā,

Contact is a requirement for feeling.

vedanāpaccayā taṇhā;

Feeling is a requirement for craving.

taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṁ …pe…

Craving is a requirement for grasping. …

evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.

Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca …pe…

Ear consciousness arises dependent on the ear and sounds. …

ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca

Nose consciousness arises dependent on the nose and smells. …

jivhañca paṭicca rase ca

Tongue consciousness arises dependent on the tongue and tastes. …

kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca

Body consciousness arises dependent on the body and touches. …

manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso.

Mind consciousness arises dependent on the mind and ideas. The meeting of the three is contact.

Phassapaccayā vedanā;

Contact is a requirement for feeling.

vedanāpaccayā taṇhā;

Feeling is a requirement for craving.

taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṁ …pe…

Craving is a requirement for grasping. …

evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.

Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso.

Eye consciousness arises dependent on the eye and sights. The meeting of the three is contact.

Phassapaccayā vedanā;

Contact is a requirement for feeling.

vedanāpaccayā taṇhā.

Feeling is a requirement for craving.

Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho;

When that craving fades away and ceases with no residue left behind, grasping ceases.

upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho …pe…

When grasping ceases, continued existence ceases. …

evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

That is how this entire mass of suffering ceases.

Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca …pe…

Ear consciousness arises dependent on the ear and sounds. …

manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṁ. Tiṇṇaṁ saṅgati phasso.

Mind consciousness arises dependent on the mind and ideas. The meeting of the three is contact.

Phassapaccayā vedanā;

Contact is a requirement for feeling.

vedanāpaccayā taṇhā.

Feeling is a requirement for craving.

Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho;

When that craving fades away and ceases with no residue left behind, grasping ceases.

upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho …pe…

When grasping ceases, continued existence ceases. …

evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī”ti.

That is how this entire mass of suffering ceases.”

Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu bhagavato upassuti ṭhito hoti.

Now at that time a certain monk was standing listening in on the Buddha.

Addasā kho bhagavā taṁ bhikkhuṁ upassuti ṭhitaṁ.

The Buddha saw him

Disvāna taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavoca:

and said,

“assosi no tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyan”ti?

“Monk, did you hear that exposition of the teaching?”

“Evaṁ, bhante”ti.

“Yes, sir.”

“Uggaṇhāhi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ;

“Learn that exposition of the teaching,

pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ;

memorize it,

dhārehi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ.

and remember it.

Atthasaṁhito ayaṁ, bhikkhu, dhammapariyāyo ādibrahmacariyako”ti.

That exposition of the teaching is beneficial and relevant to the fundamentals of the spiritual life.”

Pañcamaṁ.

Qualities:

Attachment

Attachment

A mental fastening onto people, things, views, or states as “me” or “mine,” unwilling to release them. This clinging can give a sense of security and sweetness.

Also known as: acquisition, bond, clinging, grasping, holding on, possession, entanglement, bound, connected, taking as mine
Pāli: upadhi, upādāna, sakiñcana, mamatta
View all discourses →
Craving

Craving

A driving ‘thirst’ that reaches out toward experiences, identities, or outcomes as the place to find satisfaction—“if only I had that.” It spins stories of lack, binds the mind to becoming, and invariably leads to suffering.

Also known as: wanting, yearning, longing, lit. thirst
Pāli: taṇha, abhijjhā
View all discourses →
Spiritual life

Spiritual life

A life of celibacy, contemplation, and ethical discipline lived for the sake of liberation; oriented toward inner development rather than sensual pleasures

Also known as: abstinence, celibacy, chastity, holy life, sexual restraint
Pāli: brahmacariya
View all discourses →
Suffering

Suffering

Unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering that is inherent in conditioned existence.

Also known as: discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentedness, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, distress, affliction
Pāli: dukkha
View all discourses →
Wholesome

Wholesome

Conducive to or suggestive of good health and mental well-being.

Also known as: blameless, skillful, beneficial, good, useful, healthy, nourishing, sustaining
Pāli: kusala
View all discourses →

Last updated on July 27, 2026