The Buddha describes the vast accumulation of bones that would result from wandering on and undergoing repeated existence for an aeon.

ITI 24  Aṭṭhipuñja sutta - Heap Of Bones

Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ:

This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Awakened One, as I have heard:

“Ekapuggalassa, bhikkhave, kappaṁ sandhāvato saṁsarato siyā evaṁ mahā aṭṭhikaṅkalo aṭṭhipuñjo aṭṭhirāsi yathāyaṁ vepullo pabbato, sace saṁhārako assa, sambhatañca na vinasseyyā”ti.

“For a single person|, bhikkhus,::::| who has wandered on and undergone |repeated existence::wandering on from one state of existence to another, the cycle of birth and death, moving on continuously [saṁsāra]| for an |aeon::lifespan of a world system, a vast cosmic time span [kappa]|, there would be a chain of bones, a heap of bones, a pile of bones as great as this |Mount Vepulla::Known today as Vipula hill, it is one of the prominent peaks surrounding the historical city of Rājagaha, present-day Rajgir in Bihar, India [vepulla + pabbata]|, if there were someone to gather them and the gathered bones did not decay.”

Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati:

The Blessed One spoke on this matter. In this regard, it is said:

“Ekassekena kappena,
puggalassaṭṭhisañcayo;
Siyā pabbatasamo rāsi,
iti vuttaṁ mahesinā.

“In just one aeon,
the accumulation of a single person’s bones
would form a heap as large as a mountain,
thus it was said by the great seer.

So kho panāyaṁ akkhāto,
vepullo pabbato mahā;
Uttaro gijjhakūṭassa,
magadhānaṁ giribbaje.

Now, that great mountain is declared to be
Mount Vepulla,
north of Vulture’s Peak,
in the |mountain stronghold::a reference to present-day Rajgir, former capital of Magadha [giribbaja]| of Magadha.

Yato ca ariyasaccāni,
sammappaññāya passati;
Dukkhaṁ dukkhasamuppādaṁ,
dukkhassa ca atikkamaṁ;
Ariyañcaṭṭhaṅgikaṁ maggaṁ,
dukkhūpasamagāminaṁ.

When one sees the noble truths
|with right wisdom::with correct distinctive knowledge [sammappaññāya]|—
suffering, the |arising of suffering::source of stress, appearance of discomfort [dukkhasamudaya]|,
the |end of suffering::ending of discontentment, cessation of distress [dukkhanirodha]|,
and the Noble Eightfold Path
that leads to the end of suffering.

Sa sattakkhattuṁ paramaṁ,
sandhāvitvāna puggalo;
Dukkhassantakaro hoti,
sabbasaṁyojanakkhayā”ti.

Having wandered on for seven times at most,
that person
makes an end of suffering,
through the |wearing away of all the fetters::exhaustion of all the bonds [sabbasaṃyojanakkhaya]|.”

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti.

This matter too was spoken by the Blessed One, as I have heard.

Qualities:

Ending

Ending

The complete exhaustion and ending of craving, aversion, and delusion—the three roots of suffering. It refers to both the gradual wearing away of defilements through practice and the final cessation that constitutes Nibbāna.

Also known as: cessation, exhaustion, gradual ending, wearing away
Pāli: khaya, khīṇa, nirodha
View all discourses →
Suffering

Suffering

Unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering that is inherent in conditioned existence.

Also known as: discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentedness, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, distress, affliction
Pāli: dukkha
View all discourses →
Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, vijjā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
View all discourses →

Last updated on May 1, 2026