The Buddha describes the five qualities—it’s a mendicant who has the entire spectrum of an adept’s ethics,, immersion,, freedom,, and and the knowledge and vision of freedom, and ordination should be given by a mendicant with these five qualities.”.

AN 5.251 Who Should Give Ordination

“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā upasampādetabbaṁ. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asekhena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato hoti; asekhena samādhikkhandhena samannāgato hoti; asekhena paññākkhandhena samannāgato hoti; asekhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hoti; asekhena vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhena samannāgato hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā upasampādetabban”ti.

Paṭhamaṁ.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā upasampādetabbaṁ.

“Mendicants, ordination should be given by a mendicant with five qualities.

Katamehi pañcahi?

What five?

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asekhena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato hoti;

It’s a mendicant who has the entire spectrum of an adept’s ethics,

asekhena samādhikkhandhena samannāgato hoti;

immersion,

asekhena paññākkhandhena samannāgato hoti;

wisdom,

asekhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hoti;

freedom,

asekhena vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhena samannāgato hoti.

and the knowledge and vision of freedom.

Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā upasampādetabban”ti.

Ordination should be given by a mendicant with these five qualities.”

Paṭhamaṁ.

Topics & Qualities:

Collectedness

Collectedness

A mental quality of composure where awareness is gathered, steady, rather than scattered or tense. In such collectedness, supported by mindfulness and right view, experience is clearly known and can be wisely contemplated.

Also known as: mental composure, stability of mind, stillness of mind, concentration, undistracted awareness
Pāli: samādhi, samāhita, susamāhita, sammāsamādhi
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Liberation

Liberation

Liberation can imply a temporary release of the mind, i.e. liberated from certain unwholesome mental qualities or complete liberation from all unwholesome qualities of the mind, i.e. Nibbāna.

Also known as: freedom, release, emancipation, deliverance
Pāli: vimutti, vimokkha, cetovimutti, paññāvimutti, akuppā cetovimutti
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Vision

Vision

The corrective clarity that clearly sees into the true nature of things as they actually are.

Also known as: knowledge and vision, seeing clearly, seeing things as they are, seeing the truth, seeing the dhamma
Pāli: dassana, ñāṇadassana, yathābhūtañāṇadassana
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026