Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato rañño nāgo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅgaṁtveva saṅkhaṁ gacchati.
“Mendicants, a royal bull elephant with five factors is worthy of a king, fit to serve a king, and is reckoned a factor of kingship.
Katamehi pañcahi?
What five?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo sotā ca hoti, hantā ca, rakkhitā ca, khantā ca, gantā ca.
A royal bull elephant listens, destroys, protects, endures, and goes fast.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo sotā hoti?
And how does a royal bull elephant listen?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāreti—
It’s when a royal bull elephant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens to whatever task the elephant trainer has it do,
yadi vā katapubbaṁ yadi vā akatapubbaṁ—
whether or not it has done it before.
taṁ aṭṭhiṁ katvā manasi katvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto suṇāti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo sotā hoti.
That’s how a royal bull elephant listens.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo hantā hoti?
And how does a royal bull elephant destroy?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo saṅgāmagato hatthimpi hanati, hatthāruhampi hanati, assampi hanati, assāruhampi hanati, rathampi hanati, rathikampi hanati, pattikampi hanati.
It’s when a royal bull elephant in battle destroys elephants with their riders, horses with their riders, chariots and charioteers, and foot soldiers.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo hantā hoti.
That’s how a royal bull elephant destroys.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo rakkhitā hoti?
And how does a royal bull elephant protect?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo saṅgāmagato rakkhati purimaṁ kāyaṁ, rakkhati pacchimaṁ kāyaṁ, rakkhati purime pāde, rakkhati pacchime pāde, rakkhati sīsaṁ, rakkhati kaṇṇe, rakkhati dante, rakkhati soṇḍaṁ, rakkhati vāladhiṁ, rakkhati hatthāruhaṁ.
It’s when a royal bull elephant in battle protects its fore-quarters and hind-quarters, its fore-feet and hind-feet, and its head, ears, tusks, trunk, tail, and rider.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo rakkhitā hoti.
That’s how a royal bull elephant protects.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo khantā hoti?
And how does a royal bull elephant endure?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo saṅgāmagato khamo hoti sattippahārānaṁ asippahārānaṁ usuppahārānaṁ pharasuppahārānaṁ bheripaṇavasaṅkhatiṇavaninnādasaddānaṁ.
It’s when a royal bull elephant in battle endures being struck by spears, swords, arrows, and axes; it endures the thunder of the drums, kettledrums, horns, and cymbals.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo khantā hoti.
That’s how a royal bull elephant endures.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo gantā hoti?
And how does a royal bull elephant go fast?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi disaṁ peseti—
It’s when a royal bull elephant swiftly goes in whatever direction the elephant trainer sends it,
yadi vā gatapubbaṁ yadi vā agatapubbaṁ—
whether or not it has been there before.
taṁ khippameva gantā hoti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo gantā hoti.
That’s how a royal bull elephant goes fast.
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgato rañño nāgo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅgantveva saṅkhaṁ gacchati.
A royal bull elephant with these five factors is worthy of a king, fit to serve a king, and is reckoned a factor of kingship.
Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṁ puññakkhettaṁ lokassa.
In the same way, a mendicant with five qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.
Katamehi pañcahi?
What five?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sotā ca hoti, hantā ca, rakkhitā ca, khantā ca, gantā ca.
A mendicant listens, destroys, protects, endures, and goes fast.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sotā hoti?
And how does a mendicant listen?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne aṭṭhiṅkatvā manasi katvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṁ suṇāti.
It’s when a mendicant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens when the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One is being taught.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sotā hoti.
That’s how a mendicant listens.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu hantā hoti?
And how does a mendicant destroy?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṁ kāmavitakkaṁ nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti hanati byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti; uppannaṁ byāpādavitakkaṁ …pe… uppannaṁ vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ …pe… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti hanati byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti.
It’s when a mendicant doesn’t tolerate a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought. They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, get rid of them, calm them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu hantā hoti.
That’s how a mendicant destroys.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rakkhitā hoti?
And how does a mendicant protect?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.
When a mendicant sees a sight with the eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ; cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving restraint over it.
Sotena saddaṁ sutvā …
Hearing a sound with the ears …
ghānena gandhaṁ ghāyitvā …
Smelling an odor with the nose …
jivhāya rasaṁ sāyitvā …
Tasting a flavor with the tongue …
kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṁ phusitvā …
Encountering a touch with the body …
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.
Knowing an idea with the mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rakkhitā hoti.
That’s how a mendicant protects.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khantā hoti?
And how does a mendicant endure?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khamo hoti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṁsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṁ; duruttānaṁ durāgatānaṁ vacanapathānaṁ uppannānaṁ sārīrikānaṁ vedanānaṁ dukkhānaṁ tibbānaṁ kharānaṁ kaṭukānaṁ asātānaṁ amanāpānaṁ pāṇaharānaṁ adhivāsakajātiko hoti.
It’s when a mendicant endures cold, heat, hunger, and thirst; the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles; rude and unwelcome criticism; and puts up with physical pain—sharp, severe, acute, unpleasant, disagreeable, and life-threatening.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khantā hoti.
That’s how a mendicant endures.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gantā hoti?
And how does a mendicant go fast?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yā sā disā agatapubbā iminā dīghena addhunā, yadidaṁ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṁ, taṁ khippaññeva gantā hoti.
It’s when a mendicant swiftly goes in the direction they’ve never gone before in all this long time; that is, the stilling of all activities, the letting go of all attachments, the ending of craving, fading away, cessation, extinguishment.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gantā hoti.
That’s how a mendicant goes fast.
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti …pe… anuttaraṁ puññakkhettaṁ lokassā”ti.
A mendicant with these five qualities … is the supreme field of merit for the world.”
Dasamaṁ.
Rājavaggo catuttho.
Tassuddānaṁ
Cakkānuvattanā rājā,
Yassaṁdisaṁ dve ceva patthanā;
Appaṁsupati bhattādo,
Akkhamo ca sotena cāti.
Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
“Mendicants, a royal bull elephant with five factors is worthy of a king, fit to serve a king, and is reckoned a factor of kingship.
What five?
A royal bull elephant listens, destroys, protects, endures, and goes fast.
And how does a royal bull elephant listen?
It’s when a royal bull elephant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens to whatever task the elephant trainer has it do,
whether or not it has done it before.
That’s how a royal bull elephant listens.
And how does a royal bull elephant destroy?
It’s when a royal bull elephant in battle destroys elephants with their riders, horses with their riders, chariots and charioteers, and foot soldiers.
That’s how a royal bull elephant destroys.
And how does a royal bull elephant protect?
It’s when a royal bull elephant in battle protects its fore-quarters and hind-quarters, its fore-feet and hind-feet, and its head, ears, tusks, trunk, tail, and rider.
That’s how a royal bull elephant protects.
And how does a royal bull elephant endure?
It’s when a royal bull elephant in battle endures being struck by spears, swords, arrows, and axes; it endures the thunder of the drums, kettledrums, horns, and cymbals.
That’s how a royal bull elephant endures.
And how does a royal bull elephant go fast?
It’s when a royal bull elephant swiftly goes in whatever direction the elephant trainer sends it,
whether or not it has been there before.
That’s how a royal bull elephant goes fast.
A royal bull elephant with these five factors is worthy of a king, fit to serve a king, and is reckoned a factor of kingship.
In the same way, a mendicant with five qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.
What five?
A mendicant listens, destroys, protects, endures, and goes fast.
And how does a mendicant listen?
It’s when a mendicant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens when the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One is being taught.
That’s how a mendicant listens.
And how does a mendicant destroy?
It’s when a mendicant doesn’t tolerate a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought. They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, get rid of them, calm them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.
That’s how a mendicant destroys.
And how does a mendicant protect?
When a mendicant sees a sight with the eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving restraint over it.
Hearing a sound with the ears …
Smelling an odor with the nose …
Tasting a flavor with the tongue …
Encountering a touch with the body …
Knowing an idea with the mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it.
That’s how a mendicant protects.
And how does a mendicant endure?
It’s when a mendicant endures cold, heat, hunger, and thirst; the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles; rude and unwelcome criticism; and puts up with physical pain—sharp, severe, acute, unpleasant, disagreeable, and life-threatening.
That’s how a mendicant endures.
And how does a mendicant go fast?
It’s when a mendicant swiftly goes in the direction they’ve never gone before in all this long time; that is, the stilling of all activities, the letting go of all attachments, the ending of craving, fading away, cessation, extinguishment.
That’s how a mendicant goes fast.
A mendicant with these five qualities … is the supreme field of merit for the world.”
“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato rañño nāgo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅgaṁtveva saṅkhaṁ gacchati.
Katamehi pañcahi?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo sotā ca hoti, hantā ca, rakkhitā ca, khantā ca, gantā ca.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo sotā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāreti—
yadi vā katapubbaṁ yadi vā akatapubbaṁ—
taṁ aṭṭhiṁ katvā manasi katvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto suṇāti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo sotā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo hantā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo saṅgāmagato hatthimpi hanati, hatthāruhampi hanati, assampi hanati, assāruhampi hanati, rathampi hanati, rathikampi hanati, pattikampi hanati.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo hantā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo rakkhitā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo saṅgāmagato rakkhati purimaṁ kāyaṁ, rakkhati pacchimaṁ kāyaṁ, rakkhati purime pāde, rakkhati pacchime pāde, rakkhati sīsaṁ, rakkhati kaṇṇe, rakkhati dante, rakkhati soṇḍaṁ, rakkhati vāladhiṁ, rakkhati hatthāruhaṁ.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo rakkhitā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo khantā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo saṅgāmagato khamo hoti sattippahārānaṁ asippahārānaṁ usuppahārānaṁ pharasuppahārānaṁ bheripaṇavasaṅkhatiṇavaninnādasaddānaṁ.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo khantā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo gantā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi disaṁ peseti—
yadi vā gatapubbaṁ yadi vā agatapubbaṁ—
taṁ khippameva gantā hoti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo gantā hoti.
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgato rañño nāgo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅgantveva saṅkhaṁ gacchati.
Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṁ puññakkhettaṁ lokassa.
Katamehi pañcahi?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sotā ca hoti, hantā ca, rakkhitā ca, khantā ca, gantā ca.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sotā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne aṭṭhiṅkatvā manasi katvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṁ suṇāti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sotā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu hantā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṁ kāmavitakkaṁ nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti hanati byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti; uppannaṁ byāpādavitakkaṁ …pe… uppannaṁ vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ …pe… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti hanati byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu hantā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rakkhitā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ; cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.
Sotena saddaṁ sutvā …
ghānena gandhaṁ ghāyitvā …
jivhāya rasaṁ sāyitvā …
kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṁ phusitvā …
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rakkhitā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khantā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khamo hoti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṁsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṁ; duruttānaṁ durāgatānaṁ vacanapathānaṁ uppannānaṁ sārīrikānaṁ vedanānaṁ dukkhānaṁ tibbānaṁ kharānaṁ kaṭukānaṁ asātānaṁ amanāpānaṁ pāṇaharānaṁ adhivāsakajātiko hoti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khantā hoti.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gantā hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yā sā disā agatapubbā iminā dīghena addhunā, yadidaṁ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṁ, taṁ khippaññeva gantā hoti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gantā hoti.
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti …pe… anuttaraṁ puññakkhettaṁ lokassā”ti.
Dasamaṁ.
Rājavaggo catuttho.
Tassuddānaṁ
Cakkānuvattanā rājā,
Yassaṁdisaṁ dve ceva patthanā;
Appaṁsupati bhattādo,
Akkhamo ca sotena cāti.