While the Buddha teaches a large assembly of laypeople, Māra claims it is not appropriate for him to instruct others and warns against favoring and opposing; the Buddha answers that he teaches without grasping at views.

SN 4.14 Appropriate

Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kosalesu viharati ekasālāyaṁ brāhmaṇagāme.

Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṁ deseti.

Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi: “ayaṁ kho samaṇo gotamo mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṁ deseti. Yannūnāhaṁ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṁ vicakkhukammāyā”ti.

Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi:

“Netaṁ tava patirūpaṁ,
yadaññamanusāsasi;
Anurodhavirodhesu,
sajjittho tadācaran”ti.

“Hitānukampī sambuddho,
yadaññamanusāsati;
Anurodhavirodhehi,
vippamutto tathāgato”ti.

Atha kho māro pāpimā “jānāti maṁ bhagavā, jānāti maṁ sugato”ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kosalesu viharati ekasālāyaṁ brāhmaṇagāme.

At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Kosalans near the brahmin village of Ekasālā.

Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṁ deseti.

Now, at that time the Buddha was teaching Dhamma, surrounded by a large assembly of laypeople.

Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi:

Then Māra thought,

“ayaṁ kho samaṇo gotamo mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṁ deseti.

“The ascetic Gotama is teaching Dhamma, surrounded by a large assembly of laypeople.

Yannūnāhaṁ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṁ vicakkhukammāyā”ti.

Why don’t I go and pull the wool over their eyes?”

Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi:

Then Māra the Wicked went up to the Buddha and addressed him in verse:

“Netaṁ tava patirūpaṁ,

“It’s not appropriate for you

yadaññamanusāsasi;

to instruct others.

Anurodhavirodhesu,

As you engage in this,

sajjittho tadācaran”ti.

don’t get caught up in favoring and opposing.”

“Hitānukampī sambuddho,

“The Buddha instructs others

yadaññamanusāsati;

out of compassion for their welfare.

Anurodhavirodhehi,

The Realized One is liberated

vippamutto tathāgato”ti.

from favoring and opposing.”

Atha kho māro pāpimā “jānāti maṁ bhagavā, jānāti maṁ sugato”ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.

Then Māra the Wicked, thinking, “The Buddha knows me! The Holy One knows me!” miserable and sad, vanished right there.

Qualities:

Compassion

Compassion

A mental quality of wise empathy in response to suffering, which counters qualities of harm or cruelty.

Also known as: benevolence, concern, sympathy, kindness towards those who are suffering
Pāli: karuṇā, anukampa
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026