The Buddha teaches on that which is suffering, applying the analysis of the five aggregates—form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness—to insight and release.
Sāvatthinidānaṁ.
“Rūpaṁ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ. Yaṁ dukkhaṁ tadanattā; yadanattā taṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ.
Vedanā dukkhā …
saññā dukkhā …
saṅkhārā dukkhā …
viññāṇaṁ dukkhaṁ. Yaṁ dukkhaṁ tadanattā; yadanattā taṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ.
Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī”ti.
Pañcamaṁ.
Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
Sāvatthinidānaṁ.
At Sāvatthī.
“Rūpaṁ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ.
“Mendicants, form is suffering.
Yaṁ dukkhaṁ tadanattā;
What’s suffering is not-self.
yadanattā taṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ.
And what’s not-self should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’
Vedanā dukkhā …
Feeling is suffering …
saññā dukkhā …
Perception is suffering …
saṅkhārā dukkhā …
Choices are suffering …
viññāṇaṁ dukkhaṁ.
Consciousness is suffering.
Yaṁ dukkhaṁ tadanattā;
What’s suffering is not-self.
yadanattā taṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ.
And what’s not-self should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’
Evaṁ passaṁ …pe…
Seeing this …
nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī”ti.
They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”
Pañcamaṁ.
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Last updated on July 27, 2026