Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.
At Sāvatthī.
“Avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā;
“Ignorance is a requirement for choices.
saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ …pe…
Choices are a requirement for consciousness. …
evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī”ti.
That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.”
Evaṁ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
When this was said, one of the mendicants asked the Buddha,
“‘katamaṁ nu kho, bhante, jarāmaraṇaṁ, kassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇan’ti?
“What are old age and death, sir, and who do they belong to?”
‘No kallo pañho’ti bhagavā avoca, ‘katamaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ, kassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇan’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ aññassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇan’ti, iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What are old age and death, and who do they belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Old age and death are one thing, who they belong to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇan’”ti.
‘Rebirth is a requirement for old age and death.’”
“Katamā nu kho, bhante, jāti, kassa ca panāyaṁ jātī”ti?
“What is rebirth, sir, and who does it belong to?”
“No kallo pañho”ti bhagavā avoca, “‘katamā jāti, kassa ca panāyaṁ jātī’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññā jāti aññassa ca panāyaṁ jātī’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What is rebirth, and who does it belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Rebirth is one thing, who it belongs to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘bhavapaccayā jātī’”ti.
‘Continued existence is a requirement for rebirth.’”
“Katamo nu kho, bhante, bhavo, kassa ca panāyaṁ bhavo”ti?
“What is continued existence, sir, and who is it for?”
“No kallo pañho”ti bhagavā avoca, “‘katamo bhavo, kassa ca panāyaṁ bhavo’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘añño bhavo aññassa ca panāyaṁ bhavo’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What is continued existence, and who does it belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Continued existence is one thing, who it belongs to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti;
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘upādānapaccayā bhavo’ti …pe…
‘Grasping is a requirement for continued existence.’ …
‘taṇhāpaccayā upādānanti …
‘Craving is a requirement for grasping.’ …
vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti …
‘Feeling is a requirement for craving.’ …
phassapaccayā vedanāti …
‘Contact is a requirement for feeling.’ …
saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti …
‘The six sense fields are requirements for contact.’ …
nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti …
‘Name and form are requirements for the six sense fields.’ …
viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti …
‘Consciousness is a requirement for name and form.’ …
saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇan’”ti.
‘Choices are a requirement for consciousness.’”
“Katame nu kho, bhante, saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārā”ti?
“What are choices, sir, and who do they belong to?”
“No kallo pañho”ti bhagavā avoca, “‘katame saṅkhārā kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññe saṅkhārā aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What are choices, and who do they belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Choices are one thing, who they belong to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti;
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’”ti.
‘Ignorance is a requirement for choices.’
“Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
When ignorance fades away and ceases with no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
‘Katamaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ, kassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ, aññassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ’ iti vā, ‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā.
‘What are old age and death, and who do they belong to?’ or ‘old age and death are one thing, who they belong to is another’, or ‘the soul and the body are one and the same’, or ‘the soul is one thing, the body another.’
Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṁ anuppādadhammāni.
These are all cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.
Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
When ignorance fades away and ceases no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
‘Katamā jāti, kassa ca panāyaṁ jāti’ iti vā, ‘aññā jāti, aññassa ca panāyaṁ jāti’ iti vā, ‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā.
‘What is rebirth, and who does it belong to?’ or ‘rebirth is one thing, who it belongs to is another’, or ‘the soul and the body are one and the same’, or ‘the soul is one thing, the body another.’
Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṁ anuppādadhammāni.
These are all cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.
Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
When ignorance fades away and ceases no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
Katamo bhavo …pe…
‘What is continued existence …’
katamaṁ upādānaṁ …
‘What is grasping …’
katamā taṇhā …
‘What is craving …’
katamā vedanā …
‘What is feeling …’
katamo phasso …
‘What is contact …’
katamaṁ saḷāyatanaṁ …
‘What are the six sense fields …’
katamaṁ nāmarūpaṁ …
‘What are name and form …’
katamaṁ viññāṇaṁ …pe….
‘What is consciousness …’
Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
When ignorance fades away and ceases no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
‘Katame saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā, ‘aññe saṅkhārā, aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā, ‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ, aññaṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā.
‘What are choices, and who do they belong to?’ or ‘choices are one thing, who they belong to is another’, or ‘the soul and the body are one and the same’, or ‘the soul is one thing, the body another.’
Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṁ anuppādadhammānī”ti.
These are all cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.”
Pañcamaṁ.
Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
At Sāvatthī.
“Ignorance is a requirement for choices.
Choices are a requirement for consciousness. …
That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.”
When this was said, one of the mendicants asked the Buddha,
“What are old age and death, sir, and who do they belong to?”
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What are old age and death, and who do they belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Old age and death are one thing, who they belong to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘Rebirth is a requirement for old age and death.’”
“What is rebirth, sir, and who does it belong to?”
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What is rebirth, and who does it belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Rebirth is one thing, who it belongs to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘Continued existence is a requirement for rebirth.’”
“What is continued existence, sir, and who is it for?”
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What is continued existence, and who does it belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Continued existence is one thing, who it belongs to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘Grasping is a requirement for continued existence.’ …
‘Craving is a requirement for grasping.’ …
‘Feeling is a requirement for craving.’ …
‘Contact is a requirement for feeling.’ …
‘The six sense fields are requirements for contact.’ …
‘Name and form are requirements for the six sense fields.’ …
‘Consciousness is a requirement for name and form.’ …
‘Choices are a requirement for consciousness.’”
“What are choices, sir, and who do they belong to?”
“That’s not a cogent question,” said the Buddha. “You might say, ‘What are choices, and who do they belong to?’ Or you might say, ‘Choices are one thing, who they belong to is another.’ But both of these mean the same thing, only the phrasing differs.
Mendicant, if you have the view that the soul and the body are one and the same, there is no living of the spiritual life.
If you have the view that the soul is one thing, the body another, there is no living of the spiritual life.
Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way:
‘Ignorance is a requirement for choices.’
When ignorance fades away and ceases with no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
‘What are old age and death, and who do they belong to?’ or ‘old age and death are one thing, who they belong to is another’, or ‘the soul and the body are one and the same’, or ‘the soul is one thing, the body another.’
These are all cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.
When ignorance fades away and ceases no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
‘What is rebirth, and who does it belong to?’ or ‘rebirth is one thing, who it belongs to is another’, or ‘the soul and the body are one and the same’, or ‘the soul is one thing, the body another.’
These are all cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.
When ignorance fades away and ceases no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
‘What is continued existence …’
‘What is grasping …’
‘What is craving …’
‘What is feeling …’
‘What is contact …’
‘What are the six sense fields …’
‘What are name and form …’
‘What is consciousness …’
When ignorance fades away and ceases no residue left behind, then any twists, ducks, and dodges are given up:
‘What are choices, and who do they belong to?’ or ‘choices are one thing, who they belong to is another’, or ‘the soul and the body are one and the same’, or ‘the soul is one thing, the body another.’
These are all cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.”
Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.
“Avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā;
saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ …pe…
evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī”ti.
Evaṁ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
“‘katamaṁ nu kho, bhante, jarāmaraṇaṁ, kassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇan’ti?
‘No kallo pañho’ti bhagavā avoca, ‘katamaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ, kassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇan’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ aññassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇan’ti, iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇan’”ti.
“Katamā nu kho, bhante, jāti, kassa ca panāyaṁ jātī”ti?
“No kallo pañho”ti bhagavā avoca, “‘katamā jāti, kassa ca panāyaṁ jātī’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññā jāti aññassa ca panāyaṁ jātī’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
‘bhavapaccayā jātī’”ti.
“Katamo nu kho, bhante, bhavo, kassa ca panāyaṁ bhavo”ti?
“No kallo pañho”ti bhagavā avoca, “‘katamo bhavo, kassa ca panāyaṁ bhavo’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘añño bhavo aññassa ca panāyaṁ bhavo’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti;
aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
‘upādānapaccayā bhavo’ti …pe…
‘taṇhāpaccayā upādānanti …
vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti …
phassapaccayā vedanāti …
saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti …
nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti …
viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti …
saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇan’”ti.
“Katame nu kho, bhante, saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārā”ti?
“No kallo pañho”ti bhagavā avoca, “‘katame saṅkhārā kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññe saṅkhārā aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṁ ekatthaṁ byañjanameva nānaṁ.
Taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti;
aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti.
Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti:
‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’”ti.
“Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
‘Katamaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ, kassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ, aññassa ca panidaṁ jarāmaraṇaṁ’ iti vā, ‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā.
Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṁ anuppādadhammāni.
Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
‘Katamā jāti, kassa ca panāyaṁ jāti’ iti vā, ‘aññā jāti, aññassa ca panāyaṁ jāti’ iti vā, ‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā.
Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṁ anuppādadhammāni.
Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
Katamo bhavo …pe…
katamaṁ upādānaṁ …
katamā taṇhā …
katamā vedanā …
katamo phasso …
katamaṁ saḷāyatanaṁ …
katamaṁ nāmarūpaṁ …
katamaṁ viññāṇaṁ …pe….
Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici.
‘Katame saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā, ‘aññe saṅkhārā, aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā, ‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ, aññaṁ sarīraṁ’ iti vā.
Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṁ anuppādadhammānī”ti.
Pañcamaṁ.