At Nagaravinda the Buddha teaches householders how to truly honour ascetics—not by assuming parity of conduct but by inquiring into their freedom from defilements and the qualities of their hearts.

MN 150 With the People of Nagaravinda

Evaṁ me sutaṁ ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ yena nagaravindaṁ nāma kosalānaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ gāmo tadavasari.

Assosuṁ kho nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā: “samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ nagaravindaṁ anuppatto. Taṁ kho pana bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ evaṁ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato: ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti. So imaṁ lokaṁ sadevakaṁ samārakaṁ sabrahmakaṁ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ pajaṁ sadevamanussaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṁ deseti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṁ arahataṁ dassanaṁ hotī”ti.

Atha kho nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu; sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho nagaravindeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca:

“Sace vo, gahapatayo, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ: ‘kathaṁbhūtā, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā’ti? Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha: ‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā. Taṁ kissa hetu? Mayampi hi cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari apassataṁ. Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā. Ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sotaviññeyyesu saddesughānaviññeyyesu gandhesujivhāviññeyyesu rasesukāyaviññeyyesu phoṭṭhabbesumanoviññeyyesu dhammesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā. Taṁ kissa hetu? Mayampi hi manoviññeyyesu dhammesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari apassataṁ. Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā’ti. Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha.

Sace pana vo, gahapatayo, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ: ‘kathaṁbhūtā, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā’ti? Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha: ‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu vītarāgā vītadosā vītamohā, ajjhattaṁ vūpasantacittā, samacariyaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā. Taṁ kissa hetu? Mayampi hi cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari passataṁ. Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā. Ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sotaviññeyyesu saddesughānaviññeyyesu gandhesujivhāviññeyyesu rasesukāyaviññeyyesu phoṭṭhabbesumanoviññeyyesu dhammesu vītarāgā vītadosā vītamohā, ajjhattaṁ vūpasantacittā, samacariyaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā. Taṁ kissa hetu? Mayampi hi manoviññeyyesu dhammesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari passataṁ. Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā’ti. Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha.

Sace pana vo, gahapatayo, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ: ‘ke panāyasmantānaṁ ākārā, ke anvayā, yena tumhe āyasmanto evaṁ vadetha? Addhā te āyasmanto vītarāgā rāgavinayāya paṭipannā, vītadosā dosavinayāya paṭipannā, vītamohā mohavinayāya paṭipannā’ti? Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha: ‘tathā hi te āyasmanto araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti. Natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā ye disvā disvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā sotaviññeyyā saddā ye sutvā sutvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā ghānaviññeyyā gandhā ye ghāyitvā ghāyitvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā jivhāviññeyyā rasā ye sāyitvā sāyitvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā ye phusitvā phusitvā abhirameyyuṁ. Ime kho no, āvuso, ākārā, ime anvayā, yena mayaṁ evaṁ vadema addhā te āyasmanto vītarāgā rāgavinayāya paṭipannā, vītadosā dosavinayāya paṭipannā, vītamohā mohavinayāya paṭipannā’ti. Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyāthā”ti.

Evaṁ vutte, nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ: “abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama. Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṁ ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vivareyya, mūḷhassa maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṁ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṁ gate”ti.

Nagaravindeyyasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ aṭṭhamaṁ.

Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).

Evaṁ me sutaṁ

So I have heard.

ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ yena nagaravindaṁ nāma kosalānaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ gāmo tadavasari.

At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kosalans together with a large Saṅgha of mendicants when he arrived at a village of the Kosalan brahmins named Nagaravinda.

Assosuṁ kho nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:

The brahmins and householders of Nagaravinda heard,

“samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ nagaravindaṁ anuppatto.

“It seems the ascetic Gotama—a Sakyan, gone forth from a Sakyan family—while wandering in the land of the Kosalans has arrived at Nagaravinda, together with a large Saṅgha of mendicants.

Taṁ kho pana bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ evaṁ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato:

He has this good reputation:

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.

‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’

So imaṁ lokaṁ sadevakaṁ samārakaṁ sabrahmakaṁ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ pajaṁ sadevamanussaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti.

He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others.

So dhammaṁ deseti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāseti.

He proclaims a teaching that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.

Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṁ arahataṁ dassanaṁ hotī”ti.

It’s good to see such perfected ones.”

Atha kho nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu; sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho nagaravindeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca:

Then the brahmins and householders of Nagaravinda went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their cupped palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent. The Buddha said to them:

“Sace vo, gahapatayo, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ:

“Householders, if wanderers who follow another religion were to ask you:

‘kathaṁbhūtā, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā’ti?

‘What kind of ascetic or brahmin doesn’t deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration?’

Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha:

You should answer them:

‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā.

‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are not free of greed, hate, and delusion for sights known by the eye, who are not peaceful inside, and who conduct themselves badly among the good by way of body, speech, and mind. They don’t deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.

Taṁ kissa hetu?

Why is that?

Mayampi hi cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari apassataṁ.

Because we ourselves are not free of these things, so we do not see that they have any higher good conduct than us.

Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā.

That’s why they don’t deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.

Ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sotaviññeyyesu saddesu

There are ascetics and brahmins who are not free of greed, hate, and delusion for sounds known by the ear …

ghānaviññeyyesu gandhesu

smells known by the nose …

jivhāviññeyyesu rasesu

tastes known by the tongue…

kāyaviññeyyesu phoṭṭhabbesu

touches known by the body …

manoviññeyyesu dhammesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā.

ideas known by the mind, who are not peaceful inside, and who conduct themselves badly among the good by way of body, speech, and mind. They don’t deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.

Taṁ kissa hetu?

Why is that?

Mayampi hi manoviññeyyesu dhammesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari apassataṁ.

Because we ourselves are not free of these things, so we do not see that they have any higher good conduct than us.

Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā na sakkātabbā na garukātabbā na mānetabbā na pūjetabbā’ti.

That’s why they don’t deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.’

Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha.

When questioned by wanderers of other religions, that’s how you should answer them.

Sace pana vo, gahapatayo, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ:

If wanderers of other religions were to ask you:

‘kathaṁbhūtā, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā’ti?

‘What kind of ascetic or brahmin deserves honor, respect, reverence, and veneration?’

Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha:

You should answer them:

‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu vītarāgā vītadosā vītamohā, ajjhattaṁ vūpasantacittā, samacariyaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā.

‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are free of greed, hate, and delusion for sights known by the eye, who are peaceful inside, and who conduct themselves well by way of body, speech, and mind. They deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.

Taṁ kissa hetu?

Why is that?

Mayampi hi cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā, ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari passataṁ.

Because we ourselves are not free of these things, but we see that they have a higher good conduct than us.

Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā.

That’s why they deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.

Ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sotaviññeyyesu saddesu

There are ascetics and brahmins who are free of greed, hate, and delusion for sounds known by the ear …

ghānaviññeyyesu gandhesu

smells known by the nose …

jivhāviññeyyesu rasesu

tastes known by the tongue …

kāyaviññeyyesu phoṭṭhabbesu

touches known by the body …

manoviññeyyesu dhammesu vītarāgā vītadosā vītamohā, ajjhattaṁ vūpasantacittā, samacariyaṁ caranti kāyena vācāya manasā, evarūpā samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā.

ideas known by the mind, who are peaceful inside, and who conduct themselves well by way of body, speech, and mind. They deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.

Taṁ kissa hetu?

Why is that?

Mayampi hi manoviññeyyesu dhammesu avītarāgā avītadosā avītamohā ajjhattaṁ avūpasantacittā, samavisamaṁ carāma kāyena vācāya manasā, tesaṁ no samacariyampi hetaṁ uttari passataṁ.

Because we ourselves are not free of these things, but we see that they have a higher good conduct than us.

Tasmā te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā’ti.

That’s why they deserve honor, respect, reverence, and veneration.’

Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha.

When questioned by wanderers of other religions, that’s how you should answer them.

Sace pana vo, gahapatayo, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ:

If wanderers of other religions were to ask you:

‘ke panāyasmantānaṁ ākārā, ke anvayā, yena tumhe āyasmanto evaṁ vadetha?

‘But what reasons and evidence do you have regarding those venerables that justifies saying,

Addhā te āyasmanto vītarāgā rāgavinayāya paṭipannā, vītadosā dosavinayāya paṭipannā, vītamohā mohavinayāya paṭipannā’ti?

“Clearly those venerables are free of greed, hate, and delusion, or practicing to be free of them”?’

Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyātha:

You should answer them:

‘tathā hi te āyasmanto araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti.

‘It’s because those venerables frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.

Natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā ye disvā disvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā sotaviññeyyā saddā ye sutvā sutvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā ghānaviññeyyā gandhā ye ghāyitvā ghāyitvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā jivhāviññeyyā rasā ye sāyitvā sāyitvā abhirameyyuṁ, natthi kho pana tattha tathārūpā kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā ye phusitvā phusitvā abhirameyyuṁ.

In such places there are no sights known by the eye to see and enjoy, there are no sounds known by the ear to hear and enjoy, no odors known by the nose to smell and enjoy, no flavors known by the tongue to taste and enjoy, and no touches known by the body to feel and enjoy.

Ime kho no, āvuso, ākārā, ime anvayā, yena mayaṁ evaṁ vadema

These are the reasons and evidence that you have regarding those venerables that justifies saying,

addhā te āyasmanto vītarāgā rāgavinayāya paṭipannā, vītadosā dosavinayāya paṭipannā, vītamohā mohavinayāya paṭipannā’ti.

“Clearly those venerables are free of greed, hate, and delusion, or practicing to be free of them”.’

Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, gahapatayo, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ evaṁ byākareyyāthā”ti.

When questioned by wanderers of other religions, that’s how you should answer them.”

Evaṁ vutte, nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:

When he had spoken, the brahmins and householders of Nagaravinda said to the Buddha,

“abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama.

“Excellent, worthy Gotama! Excellent!

Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṁ ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vivareyya, mūḷhassa maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṁ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.

As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, worthy Gotama has made the Teaching clear in many ways.

Ete mayaṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca.

We go for refuge to the worthy Gotama, to the teaching, and to the mendicant Saṅgha.

Upāsake no bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṁ gate”ti.

From this day forth, may the worthy Gotama remember us as lay followers who have gone for refuge for life.”

Nagaravindeyyasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ aṭṭhamaṁ.

Topics & Qualities:

Ethical conduct

Ethical conduct

A disciplined way of living grounded in harmlessness and integrity. Ethical conduct restrains the body and speech from harm, purifies behavior, and forms the foundation for collectedness and wisdom.

Also known as: moral integrity, right action, virtue
Pāli: sīla, sammākammanta
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Faith

Faith

Confidence in the Buddha's awakening and the efficacy of the path. It brightens and steadies the mind, removing doubt and inspiring energy toward wholesome practice. True faith rests on clarity and direct experience rather than mere belief.

Also known as: confidence, trust, belief, conviction, self-assurance
Pāli: saddha, pasanna
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Investigation

Investigation

Investigation involves the process of a careful inquiry of mental states, qualities, and phenomena, examining their arising, persisting, and ceasing in order to understand their true nature and support the cultivation of wisdom and awakening.

Also known as: inquiry, contemplation, examination, analysis, exploration
Pāli: vicaya, vīmaṃsā, parikkhati
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Respect

Respect

A mental attitude of reverent attentiveness that values goodness and wisdom in oneself and others. It steadies conduct and opens the mind to learning and humility.

Also known as: reverence, veneration, regard, admiration, appreciation, deference, honour, attentiveness
Pāli: gārava, pūjā, sakkāra
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on July 27, 2026