Reference Translation by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0).
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—
¶ 1So I have heard.
ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
¶ 2At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:
¶ 3There the Buddha addressed the mendicants,
“bhikkhavo”ti.
¶ 4“Mendicants!”
“Bhaddante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.
¶ 5“Venerable sir,” they replied.
Bhagavā etadavoca:
¶ 6The Buddha said this:
“Dvattiṁsimāni, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā.
¶ 7“There are thirty-two marks of a great man. A great man who possesses these has only two possible destinies, no other.
Sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato.
¶ 8If he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch, a just and principled king. His dominion extends to all four sides, he achieves stability in the country, and he possesses the seven treasures.
Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti;
¶ 9He has the following seven treasures:
Seyyathidaṁ—cakkaratanaṁ hatthiratanaṁ assaratanaṁ maṇiratanaṁ itthiratanaṁ gahapatiratanaṁ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṁ.
¶ 10the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.
Parosahassaṁ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā.
¶ 11He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.
So imaṁ pathaviṁ sāgarapariyantaṁ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati.
¶ 12After conquering this land girt by sea, he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.
Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, arahaṁ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
¶ 13But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the world’s veil.
Katamāni ca tāni, bhikkhave, dvattiṁsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā?
¶ 14And what are the thirty-two marks?
Sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, arahaṁ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
Idha, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ bhavati.
¶ 17He has well-planted feet.
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ bhavati.
¶ 18On the soles of his feet there are thousand-spoked wheels, with rims and hubs, complete in every detail.
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso āyatapaṇhi hoti …pe…
¶ 19He has stretched heels.
dīghaṅguli hoti …
¶ 20He has long fingers.
mudutalunahatthapādo hoti …
¶ 21His hands and feet are tender.
jālahatthapādo hoti …
¶ 22He has serried hands and feet.
ussaṅkhapādo hoti …
¶ 23The tops of his feet are arched.
eṇijaṅgho hoti …
¶ 24His calves are like those of an antelope.
ṭhitakova anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati …
¶ 25When standing upright and not bending over, the palms of both hands touch the knees.
kosohitavatthaguyho hoti …
¶ 26His private parts are sheathed in a foreskin.
suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hoti kañcanasannibhattaco …
¶ 27He is golden colored; his skin shines like lustrous gold.
sukhumacchavi hoti, sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṁ kāye na upalimpati …
¶ 28He has delicate skin, so delicate that dust and dirt don’t stick to his body.
ekekalomo hoti, ekekāni lomāni lomakūpesu jātāni …
¶ 29His hairs grow one per pore.
uddhaggalomo hoti, uddhaggāni lomāni jātāni nīlāni añjanavaṇṇāni kuṇḍalāvaṭṭāni dakkhiṇāvaṭṭakajātāni …
¶ 30His hairs stand up; they’re blue-black and curl clockwise.
brahmujugatto hoti …
¶ 31His body is tall and straight-limbed.
sattussado hoti …
¶ 32He has bulging muscles in seven places.
sīhapubbaddhakāyo hoti …
¶ 33His chest is like that of a lion.
citantaraṁso hoti …
¶ 34He is filled out between the shoulders.
nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo hoti, yāvatakvassa kāyo tāvatakvassa byāmo yāvatakvassa byāmo tāvatakvassa kāyo …
¶ 35He has the proportional circumference of a banyan tree: the span of his arms equals the height of his body.
samavaṭṭakkhandho hoti …
¶ 36His torso is cylindrical.
rasaggasaggī hoti …
¶ 37He has ridged taste buds.
sīhahanu hoti …
¶ 38His jaw is like that of a lion.
cattālīsadanto hoti …
¶ 39He has forty teeth.
samadanto hoti …
¶ 40His teeth are even.
aviraḷadanto hoti …
¶ 41His teeth have no gaps.
susukkadāṭho hoti …
¶ 42His teeth are perfectly white.
pahūtajivho hoti …
¶ 43He has a large tongue.
brahmassaro hoti karavīkabhāṇī …
¶ 44He has the voice of the Divinity, like a cuckoo’s call.
abhinīlanetto hoti …
¶ 45His eyes are indigo.
gopakhumo hoti …
¶ 46He has eyelashes like a cow’s.
uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā hoti, odātā mudutūlasannibhā. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā hoti, odātā mudutūlasannibhā, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ bhavati.
¶ 47Between his eyebrows there grows a tuft, soft and white like cotton-wool.
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso uṇhīsasīso hoti. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso uṇhīsasīso hoti, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ bhavati.
¶ 48The crown of his head is like a turban.
Imāni kho tāni, bhikkhave, dvattiṁsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā.
¶ 49These are the thirty-two marks of a great man. A great man who possesses these has only two possible destinies, no other.
Sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, arahaṁ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dvattiṁsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni bāhirakāpi isayo dhārenti, no ca kho te jānanti:
¶ 52Seers who are outsiders remember these marks, but they do not know
‘imassa kammassa kaṭattā idaṁ lakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhatī’ti.
¶ 53the specific deeds performed in the past to obtain each mark.
1. Suppatiṭṭhitapādatālakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 541. Well-Planted Feet
Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno daḷhasamādāno ahosi kusalesu dhammesu, avatthitasamādāno kāyasucarite vacīsucarite manosucarite dānasaṁvibhāge sīlasamādāne uposathupavāse matteyyatāya petteyyatāya sāmaññatāya brahmaññatāya kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitāya aññataraññataresu ca adhikusalesu dhammesu.
¶ 55In some past lives, past existences, past abodes the Realized One was reborn as a human being. He firmly and persistently undertook skillful behaviors such as good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, giving and sharing, taking precepts, observing the sabbath, paying due respect to mother and father, ascetics and brahmins, honoring the elders in the family, and various other things pertaining to skillful behaviors.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjati.
¶ 56Due to performing, accumulating, heaping up, and amassing those deeds, when his body broke up, after death, he was reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.
So tattha aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhiggaṇhāti dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi dibbehi saddehi dibbehi gandhehi dibbehi rasehi dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
¶ 57There he surpassed the other gods in ten respects: heavenly lifespan, beauty, happiness, glory, sovereignty, sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches.
So tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati.
¶ 58When he passed away from there and came back to this place he obtained this mark of a great man:
Suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti.
¶ 59he has well-planted feet.
Samaṁ pādaṁ bhūmiyaṁ nikkhipati, samaṁ uddharati, samaṁ sabbāvantehi pādatalehi bhūmiṁ phusati.
¶ 60He places his foot on the ground evenly, raises it evenly, and touches the ground evenly with the whole sole of his foot.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato.
¶ 61Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti;
¶ 62He has the following seven treasures:
Seyyathidaṁ—cakkaratanaṁ hatthiratanaṁ assaratanaṁ maṇiratanaṁ itthiratanaṁ gahapatiratanaṁ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṁ.
¶ 63the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.
Parosahassaṁ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā.
¶ 64He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.
So imaṁ pathaviṁ sāgarapariyantaṁ akhilamanimittamakaṇṭakaṁ iddhaṁ phītaṁ khemaṁ sivaṁ nirabbudaṁ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati.
¶ 65After conquering this land girt by sea—free of harassment by bandits, successful and prosperous, safe, blessed, free of pests—he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.
Rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 66And what does he obtain as king?
Akkhambhiyo hoti kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena.
¶ 67He can’t be stopped by any human foe or enemy.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati.
¶ 68That’s what he obtains as king.
Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, arahaṁ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
¶ 69But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the world’s veil.
Buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 70And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Akkhambhiyo hoti abbhantarehi vā bāhirehi vā paccatthikehi paccāmittehi rāgena vā dosena vā mohena vā samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ.
¶ 71He can’t be stopped by any foe or enemy whether internal or external; nor by greed, hate, or delusion; nor by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 72That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 73The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 74On this it is said:
“Sacce ca dhamme ca dame ca saṁyame,
¶ 75“Truth, principle, self-control, and restraint;
Soceyyasīlālayuposathesu ca;
¶ 76purity, precepts, and observing the sabbath;
Dāne ahiṁsāya asāhase rato,
¶ 77giving, harmlessness, delighting in non-violence—
Daḷhaṁ samādāya samattamācari.
¶ 78firmly undertaking these things, he lived accordingly.
So tena kammena divaṁ samakkami,
¶ 79By means of these deeds he went to heaven,
Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi;
¶ 80where he enjoyed happiness and merriment.
Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,
¶ 81After passing away from there to here,
Samehi pādehi phusī vasundharaṁ.
¶ 82he steps evenly on this rich earth.
Byākaṁsu veyyañjanikā samāgatā,
¶ 83The gathered soothsayers predicted
Samappatiṭṭhassa na hoti khambhanā;
¶ 84that there is no stopping one of such even tread,
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,
¶ 85as householder or renunciate.
Taṁ lakkhaṇaṁ bhavati tadatthajotakaṁ.
¶ 86That’s the meaning shown by this mark.
Akkhambhiyo hoti agāramāvasaṁ,
¶ 87While living at home he cannot be stopped,
Parābhibhū sattubhi nappamaddano;
¶ 88he defeats his foes, and cannot be beaten.
Manussabhūtenidha hoti kenaci,
¶ 89Due to the fruit of that deed,
Akkhambhiyo tassa phalena kammuno.
¶ 90he cannot be stopped by any human.
Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
¶ 91But if one such chooses the life gone forth,
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;
¶ 92seeing clearly, loving renunciation,
Aggo na so gacchati jātu khambhanaṁ,
¶ 93not even the best can ever stop him;
Naruttamo esa hi tassa dhammatā”ti.
¶ 94this is the nature of the supreme man.”
2. Pādatalacakkalakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 952. Wheels on the Feet
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 96“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
bahujanassa sukhāvaho ahosi, ubbegauttāsabhayaṁ apanuditā, dhammikañca rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṁ saṁvidhātā, saparivārañca dānaṁ adāsi.
¶ 97He conveyed happiness to many people, casting out threats, terror, and danger, providing just protection and security, and giving gifts with all the trimmings.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjati …pe…
¶ 98Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati.
¶ 99When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:
Heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni suvibhattantarāni.
¶ 100on the soles of his feet there are thousand-spoked wheels, with rims and hubs, complete in every detail and well divided inside.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 101Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 102And what does he obtain as king?
Mahāparivāro hoti;
¶ 103He has a large following
mahāssa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.
¶ 104of brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati.
¶ 105That’s what he obtains as king.
Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, arahaṁ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
¶ 106But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a fully awakened Buddha.
Buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 107And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Mahāparivāro hoti;
¶ 108He has a large following
mahāssa honti parivārā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā.
¶ 109of monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 110That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 111The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 112On this it is said:
“Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,
¶ 113“In olden days, in past lives,
Manussabhūto bahunaṁ sukhāvaho;
¶ 114he brought happiness to many people,
Ubbhegauttāsabhayāpanūdano,
¶ 115ridding them of fear, terror, and danger,
Guttīsu rakkhāvaraṇesu ussuko.
¶ 116eagerly guarding and protecting them.
So tena kammena divaṁ samakkami,
¶ 117By means of these deeds he went to heaven,
Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi;
¶ 118where he enjoyed happiness and merriment.
Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,
¶ 119After passing away from there to here,
Cakkāni pādesu duvesu vindati.
¶ 120wheels on his two feet are found,
Samantanemīni sahassarāni ca,
¶ 121all rimmed around and thousand-spoked.
Byākaṁsu veyyañjanikā samāgatā;
¶ 122The gathered soothsayers predicted,
Disvā kumāraṁ satapuññalakkhaṇaṁ,
¶ 123seeing the prince with the hundred-fold mark of merits,
Parivāravā hessati sattumaddano.
¶ 124that he’d have a following, subduing foes,
Tathā hi cakkāni samantanemini,
¶ 125which is why he has wheels all rimmed around.
Sace na pabbajjamupeti tādiso;
¶ 126If one such doesn’t choose the life gone forth,
Vatteti cakkaṁ pathaviṁ pasāsati,
¶ 127he’ll roll the wheel and rule the land.
Tassānuyantādha bhavanti khattiyā.
¶ 128The aristocrats will be his vassals,
Mahāyasaṁ samparivārayanti naṁ,
¶ 129flocking to his glory.
Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso;
¶ 130But if one such chooses the life gone forth,
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo,
¶ 131seeing clearly, loving renunciation,
Devā manussāsurasakkarakkhasā.
¶ 132the gods, humans, titans, Sakka, and monsters;
Gandhabbanāgā vihagā catuppadā,
¶ 133centaurs and dragons, birds and beasts,
Anuttaraṁ devamanussapūjitaṁ;
¶ 134will flock to his glory,
Mahāyasaṁ samparivārayanti nan”ti.
¶ 135the supreme, honored by gods and humans.”
3–5. Āyatapaṇhitāditilakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 1363–5. Stretched Heels, Etc.
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 137“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
pāṇātipātaṁ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato ahosi nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī vihāsi.
¶ 138He gave up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. He was scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā …pe…
¶ 139Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni tīṇi mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 140When he came back to this place he obtained these three marks:
Āyatapaṇhi ca hoti, dīghaṅguli ca brahmujugatto ca.
¶ 141he has stretched heels, long fingers, and his body is tall and straight-limbed.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 142Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 143And what does he obtain as king?
Dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko, dīghamāyuṁ pāleti, na sakkā hoti antarā jīvitā voropetuṁ kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena.
¶ 144He’s long-lived, preserving his life for a long time. No human foe or enemy is able to take his life before his time.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 145That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 146And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko, dīghamāyuṁ pāleti, na sakkā hoti antarā jīvitā voropetuṁ paccatthikehi paccāmittehi samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ.
¶ 147He’s long-lived, preserving his life for a long time. No foes or enemies—nor any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or anyone in the world—is able to take his life before his time.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 148That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 149The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 150On this it is said:
“Māraṇavadhabhayattano viditvā,
¶ 151“Realizing for himself the horrors of death,
Paṭivirato paraṁ māraṇāyahosi;
¶ 152he refrained from killing other creatures.
Tena sucaritena saggamagamā,
¶ 153By that good conduct he went to heaven,
Sukataphalavipākamanubhosi.
¶ 154where he enjoyed the fruit of deeds well done.
Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,
¶ 155Passing away, on his return to here,
Paṭilabhati idha tīṇi lakkhaṇāni;
¶ 156he obtained these three marks:
Bhavati vipuladīghapāsaṇhiko,
¶ 157his stretched heels are abundant and long,
Brahmāva suju subho sujātagatto.
¶ 158and like the Divinity, he’s straight and beautiful, with well-formed limbs.
Subhujo susu susaṇṭhito sujāto,
¶ 159Fair of arm, youthful, of good posture and breeding,
Mudutalunaṅguliyassa honti;
¶ 160his fingers are soft and tender and long.
Dīghā tībhi purisavaraggalakkhaṇehi,
¶ 161By these three marks of an excellent man,
Cirayapanāya kumāramādisanti.
¶ 162they indicated that the prince’s life would be long:
Bhavati yadi gihī ciraṁ yapeti,
¶ 163‘As a householder he will live long;
Cirataraṁ pabbajati yadi tato hi;
¶ 164longer still if he goes forth, due to
Yāpayati ca vasiddhibhāvanāya,
¶ 165mastery in the development of psychic power.
Iti dīghāyukatāya taṁ nimittan”ti.
¶ 166Thus this is the sign of long life.’”
6. Sattussadatālakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 1676. Seven Bulging Places
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 168“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
dātā ahosi paṇītānaṁ rasitānaṁ khādanīyānaṁ bhojanīyānaṁ sāyanīyānaṁ lehanīyānaṁ pānānaṁ.
¶ 169He was a donor of delicious and tasty cooked and fresh foods, and drinks that were sweet and succulent.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 170Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati, sattussado hoti, sattassa ussadā honti;
¶ 171When he came back to this place he obtained this mark: he has bulging muscles in seven places.
ubhosu hatthesu ussadā honti, ubhosu pādesu ussadā honti, ubhosu aṁsakūṭesu ussadā honti, khandhe ussado hoti.
¶ 172Both hands, both feet, both shoulders, and his chest are all bulging.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 173Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 174And what does he obtain as king?
Lābhī hoti paṇītānaṁ rasitānaṁ khādanīyānaṁ bhojanīyānaṁ sāyanīyānaṁ lehanīyānaṁ pānānaṁ.
¶ 175He gets delicious and tasty cooked and fresh foods, and drinks that are sweet and succulent.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 176That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 177And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Lābhī hoti paṇītānaṁ rasitānaṁ khādanīyānaṁ bhojanīyānaṁ sāyanīyānaṁ lehanīyānaṁ pānānaṁ.
¶ 178He gets delicious and tasty cooked and fresh foods, and drinks that are sweet and succulent.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 179That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 180The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 181On this it is said:
“Khajjabhojjamatha leyya sāyiyaṁ,
¶ 182“He used to give the very best of flavors—
Uttamaggarasadāyako ahu;
¶ 183scrumptious foods of every kind.
Tena so sucaritena kammunā,
¶ 184Because of that good deed,
Nandane ciramabhippamodati.
¶ 185he rejoiced long in the Garden of Delight.
Satta cussade idhādhigacchati,
¶ 186On returning to here, he is rounded in seven places,
Hatthapādamudutañca vindati;
¶ 187and tender hands and feet are found.
Āhu byañjananimittakovidā,
¶ 188The soothsayers expert in signs declared:
Khajjabhojjarasalābhitāya naṁ.
¶ 189‘He’ll get tasty foods of all sorts
Yaṁ gihissapi tadatthajotakaṁ,
¶ 190as a householder, that’s what that means.
Pabbajjampi ca tadādhigacchati;
¶ 191But even if he goes forth he’ll get the same,
Khajjabhojjarasalābhiruttamaṁ,
¶ 192supreme in gaining tasty foods of all sorts,
Āhu sabbagihibandhanacchidan”ti.
¶ 193cutting all bonds of the lay life.’”
7–8. Karacaraṇamudujālatālakkhaṇāni
¶ 1947–8. Tender and Serried Hands
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 195“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi janaṁ saṅgāhako ahosi—
¶ 196He brought people together using the four ways of being inclusive:
dānena peyyavajjena atthacariyāya samānattatāya.
¶ 197giving, kindly words, taking care, and equality.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 198Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 199When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:
Mudutalunahatthapādo ca hoti jālahatthapādo ca.
¶ 200his hands and feet are tender, and they are serried.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 201Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 202And what does he obtain as king?
Susaṅgahitaparijano hoti, susaṅgahitāssa honti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.
¶ 203His retinue is inclusive, cohesive, and well-managed. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …
¶ 204That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 205And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Susaṅgahitaparijano hoti, susaṅgahitāssa honti bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā.
¶ 206His retinue is inclusive and well-managed. This includes monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 207That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 208The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 209On this it is said:
“Dānampi catthacariyatañca,
¶ 210“By giving and helping others,
Piyavāditañca samānattatañca;
¶ 211kindly speech, and equal treatment,
Kariyacariyasusaṅgahaṁ bahūnaṁ,
¶ 212such action and conduct as brought people together,
Anavamatena guṇena yāti saggaṁ.
¶ 213he went to heaven due to his esteemed virtue.
Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,
¶ 214Passing away, on his return to here,
Karacaraṇamudutañca jālino ca;
¶ 215the young baby prince obtained
Atirucirasuvaggudassaneyyaṁ,
¶ 216hands and feet so tender and serried,
Paṭilabhati daharo susu kumāro.
¶ 217lovely, graceful, and good-looking.
Bhavati parijanassavo vidheyyo,
¶ 218His retinue is loyal and manageable,
Mahimaṁ āvasito susaṅgahito;
¶ 219staying agreeably all over this broad land.
Piyavadū hitasukhataṁ jigīsamāno,
¶ 220Speaking kindly, seeking happiness,
Abhirucitāni guṇāni ācarati.
¶ 221he implements agreeable qualities.
Yadi ca jahati sabbakāmabhogaṁ,
¶ 222But if he gives up all sensual enjoyments,
Kathayati dhammakathaṁ jino janassa;
¶ 223as victor he speaks Dhamma to the people.
Vacanapaṭikarassābhippasannā,
¶ 224Devoted, they respond to his words;
Sutvāna dhammānudhammamācarantī”ti.
¶ 225after listening, they practice in line with the teaching.”
9–10. Ussaṅkhapāda-uddhaggalomatālakkhaṇāni
¶ 2269–10. Arched Feet and Upright Hair
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 227“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
atthūpasaṁhitaṁ dhammūpasaṁhitaṁ vācaṁ bhāsitā ahosi, bahujanaṁ nidaṁsesi, pāṇīnaṁ hitasukhāvaho dhammayāgī.
¶ 228His speech was meaningful and principled. He educated many people, bringing welfare and happiness, offering the teaching.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 229Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 230When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:
Ussaṅkhapādo ca hoti, uddhaggalomo ca.
¶ 231the tops of his feet are arched and his hairs stand up.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 232Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 233And what does he obtain as king?
Aggo ca hoti seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca kāmabhogīnaṁ.
¶ 234He is the foremost, best, chief, highest, and finest of those who enjoy sensual pleasures.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 235That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 236And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Aggo ca hoti seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca sabbasattānaṁ.
¶ 237He is the foremost, best, chief, highest, and finest of all sentient beings.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 238That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 239The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 240On this it is said:
“Atthadhammasahitaṁ pure giraṁ,
¶ 241“His word was meaningful and principled,
Erayaṁ bahujanaṁ nidaṁsayi;
¶ 242moving the people with his explanations.
Pāṇinaṁ hitasukhāvaho ahu,
¶ 243He brought welfare and happiness to creatures,
Dhammayāgamayajī amaccharī.
¶ 244unstintingly offering up teaching.
Tena so sucaritena kammunā,
¶ 245Because of that good deed,
Suggatiṁ vajati tattha modati;
¶ 246he advanced to heaven and there rejoiced.
Lakkhaṇāni ca duve idhāgato,
¶ 247On return to here two marks are found,
Uttamappamukhatāya vindati.
¶ 248of excellence and supremacy.
Ubbhamuppatitalomavā saso,
¶ 249His hairs stand upright,
Pādagaṇṭhirahu sādhusaṇṭhitā;
¶ 250and his ankles well-shaped.
Maṁsalohitācitā tacotthatā,
¶ 251Swollen with flesh and blood, encased in skin,
Uparicaraṇasobhanā ahu.
¶ 252gracing above the feet.
Gehamāvasati ce tathāvidho,
¶ 253If that sort lives in the home, he becomes
Aggataṁ vajati kāmabhoginaṁ;
¶ 254the best of those who enjoy sensual pleasures.
Tena uttaritaro na vijjati,
¶ 255There’ll be none better than him;
Jambudīpamabhibhuyya iriyati.
¶ 256he’ll proceed having mastered all the Black Plum Tree Land.
Pabbajampi ca anomanikkamo,
¶ 257But going forth the peerless renunciate
Aggataṁ vajati sabbapāṇinaṁ;
¶ 258turns into the best of all creatures.
Tena uttaritaro na vijjati,
¶ 259There’ll be none better than him,
Sabbalokamabhibhuyya viharatī”ti.
¶ 260he’ll live having mastered the whole world.”
11. Eṇijaṅghalakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 26111. Antelope Calves
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 262“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
sakkaccaṁ vācetā ahosi sippaṁ vā vijjaṁ vā caraṇaṁ vā kammaṁ vā:
¶ 263He was a thorough teacher of a profession, a branch of knowledge, conduct, or action, thinking:
‘kintime khippaṁ vijāneyyuṁ, khippaṁ paṭipajjeyyuṁ, na ciraṁ kilisseyyun’”ti.
¶ 264‘How might they quickly learn and practice, without getting exhausted?’
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 265Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati.
¶ 266When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:
Eṇijaṅgho hoti.
¶ 267his calves are like those of an antelope.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 268Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 269And what does he obtain as king?
Yāni tāni rājārahāni rājaṅgāni rājūpabhogāni rājānucchavikāni tāni khippaṁ paṭilabhati.
¶ 270He quickly obtains the things worthy of a king, the factors, supports, and things befitting a king.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 271That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 272And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Yāni tāni samaṇārahāni samaṇaṅgāni samaṇūpabhogāni samaṇānucchavikāni, tāni khippaṁ paṭilabhati.
¶ 273He quickly obtains the things worthy of an ascetic, the factors, supports, and things befitting an ascetic.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 274That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 275The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 276On this it is said:
“Sippesu vijjācaraṇesu kammesu,
¶ 277“In professions, knowledge, conduct, and deeds,
Kathaṁ vijāneyyuṁ lahunti icchati;
¶ 278he thought of how they might easily learn.
Yadūpaghātāya na hoti kassaci,
¶ 279Quickly, without tiresome delays,
Vāceti khippaṁ na ciraṁ kilissati.
¶ 280he taught them things that harm no-one at all.
Taṁ kammaṁ katvā kusalaṁ sukhudrayaṁ,
¶ 281Having done that skillful deed whose outcome is happiness,
Jaṅghā manuññā labhate susaṇṭhitā;
¶ 282he gains prominent and elegant calves.
Vaṭṭā sujātā anupubbamuggatā,
¶ 283Well-formed in graceful spirals,
Uddhaggalomā sukhumattacotthatā.
¶ 284he’s covered in delicate rising hairs.
Eṇeyyajaṅghoti tamāhu puggalaṁ,
¶ 285They say that individual has antelope calves,
Sampattiyā khippamidhāhu lakkhaṇaṁ;
¶ 286and that this is the mark of swift success.
Gehānulomāni yadābhikaṅkhati,
¶ 287If he desires the things fitting the household life,
Apabbajaṁ khippamidhādhigacchati.
¶ 288not going forth, they’ll quickly be his.
Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
¶ 289But if one such chooses the life gone forth,
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;
¶ 290seeing clearly, loving renunciation,
Anucchavikassa yadānulomikaṁ,
¶ 291the peerless renunciate will quickly find
Taṁ vindati khippamanomavikkamo”ti.
¶ 292what is fitting and suitable.”
12. Sukhumacchavilakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 29312. Delicate Skin
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 294“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
samaṇaṁ vā brāhmaṇaṁ vā upasaṅkamitvā paripucchitā ahosi:
¶ 295He approached an ascetic or brahmin and asked:
‘kiṁ, bhante, kusalaṁ, kiṁ akusalaṁ, kiṁ sāvajjaṁ, kiṁ anavajjaṁ, kiṁ sevitabbaṁ, kiṁ na sevitabbaṁ, kiṁ me karīyamānaṁ dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya assa, kiṁ vā pana me karīyamānaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya assā’ti.
¶ 296‘Sirs, what is skillful? What is unskillful? What is blameworthy? What is blameless? What should be cultivated? What should not be cultivated? Doing what leads to my lasting harm and suffering? Doing what leads to my lasting welfare and happiness?’
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 297Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati.
¶ 298When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:
Sukhumacchavi hoti, sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṁ kāye na upalimpati.
¶ 299he has delicate skin, so delicate that dust and dirt don’t stick to his body.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 300Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 301And what does he obtain as king?
Mahāpañño hoti, nāssa hoti koci paññāya sadiso vā seṭṭho vā kāmabhogīnaṁ.
¶ 302He has great wisdom. Of those who enjoy sensual pleasures, none is his equal or better in wisdom.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 303That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 304And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Mahāpañño hoti puthupañño hāsapañño javanapañño tikkhapañño nibbedhikapañño, nāssa hoti koci paññāya sadiso vā seṭṭho vā sabbasattānaṁ.
¶ 305He has great wisdom, widespread wisdom, laughing wisdom, swift wisdom, sharp wisdom, and penetrating wisdom. No sentient being is his equal or better in wisdom.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 306That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 307The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 308On this it is said:
“Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,
¶ 309“In olden days, in past lives,
Aññātukāmo paripucchitā ahu;
¶ 310eager to understand, he asked questions.
Sussūsitā pabbajitaṁ upāsitā,
¶ 311Keen to learn, he waited on renunciates,
Atthantaro atthakathaṁ nisāmayi.
¶ 312heeding their explanation with pure intent.
Paññāpaṭilābhagatena kammunā,
¶ 313Due to that deed of acquiring wisdom,
Manussabhūto sukhumacchavī ahu;
¶ 314as a human being his skin is delicate.
Byākaṁsu uppādanimittakovidā,
¶ 315At his birth the soothsayers expert in signs prophesied:
Sukhumāni atthāni avecca dakkhiti.
¶ 316‘He’ll discern delicate matters.’
Sace na pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
¶ 317If one such doesn’t choose the life gone forth,
Vatteti cakkaṁ pathaviṁ pasāsati;
¶ 318he’ll roll the wheel and rule the land.
Atthānusiṭṭhīsu pariggahesu ca,
¶ 319Among those with material things who have been educated,
Na tena seyyo sadiso ca vijjati.
¶ 320none equal or better than him is found.
Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
¶ 321But if one such chooses the life gone forth,
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;
¶ 322seeing clearly, loving renunciation,
Paññāvisiṭṭhaṁ labhate anuttaraṁ,
¶ 323gaining wisdom that’s supreme and distinguished,
Pappoti bodhiṁ varabhūrimedhaso”ti.
¶ 324the one of superb, vast intelligence attains awakening.”
13. Suvaṇṇavaṇṇalakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 32513. Golden Skin
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 326“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
akkodhano ahosi anupāyāsabahulo,
¶ 327He wasn’t irritable or bad-tempered.
bahumpi vutto samāno nābhisajji na kuppi na byāpajji na patitthīyi, na kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātvākāsi.
¶ 328Even when heavily criticized he didn’t lose his temper, become annoyed, hostile, and hard-hearted, or display annoyance, hate, and bitterness.
Dātā ca ahosi sukhumānaṁ mudukānaṁ attharaṇānaṁ pāvuraṇānaṁ khomasukhumānaṁ kappāsikasukhumānaṁ koseyyasukhumānaṁ kambalasukhumānaṁ.
¶ 329He donated soft and delicate mats and blankets, and delicate cloths of linen, cotton, silk, and wool.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā …pe…
¶ 330Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati.
¶ 331When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:
Suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hoti kañcanasannibhattaco.
¶ 332he is golden colored; his skin shines like lustrous gold.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 333Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 334And what does he obtain as king?
Lābhī hoti sukhumānaṁ mudukānaṁ attharaṇānaṁ pāvuraṇānaṁ khomasukhumānaṁ kappāsikasukhumānaṁ koseyyasukhumānaṁ kambalasukhumānaṁ.
¶ 335He obtains soft and delicate mats and blankets, and delicate cloths of linen, cotton, silk, and wool.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 336That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 337And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Lābhī hoti sukhumānaṁ mudukānaṁ attharaṇānaṁ pāvuraṇānaṁ khomasukhumānaṁ kappāsikasukhumānaṁ koseyyasukhumānaṁ kambalasukhumānaṁ.
¶ 338He obtains soft and delicate mats and blankets, and delicate cloths of linen, cotton, silk, and wool.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 339That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 340The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 341On this it is said:
“Akkodhañca adhiṭṭhahi adāsi,
¶ 342“Fixated on good will, he gave gifts.
Dānañca vatthāni sukhumāni succhavīni;
¶ 343In an earlier life he poured forth cloth
Purimatarabhave ṭhito abhivissaji,
¶ 344fine and soft to touch,
Mahimiva suro abhivassaṁ.
¶ 345like a god pouring rain on this broad earth.
Taṁ katvāna ito cuto dibbaṁ,
¶ 346So doing he passed from here to heaven,
Upapajji sukataphalavipākamanubhutvā;
¶ 347where he enjoyed the fruits of deeds well done.
Kanakatanusannibho idhābhibhavati,
¶ 348Here he wins a figure shining like honey-yellow gold,
Suravarataroriva indo.
¶ 349like Indra, the finest of gods.
Gehañcāvasati naro apabbajja,
¶ 350If that man stays in the house, not wishing to go forth,
Micchaṁ mahatimahiṁ anusāsati;
¶ 351he conquers and rules this vast, broad earth.
Pasayha sahidha sattaratanaṁ,
¶ 352He obtains abundant excellent cloth,
Paṭilabhati vimalasukhumacchaviṁ suciñca.
¶ 353so delicate and soft to touch.
Lābhī acchādanavatthamokkhapāvuraṇānaṁ,
¶ 354He receives robes, cloth, and the finest garments
Bhavati yadi anāgāriyataṁ upeti;
¶ 355if he chooses the life gone forth.
Sahito purimakataphalaṁ anubhavati,
¶ 356For he still partakes of past deed’s fruit;
Na bhavati katassa panāso”ti.
¶ 357what’s been done is never lost.”
14. Kosohitavatthaguyhalakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 35814. Privates in Foreskin
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 359“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
cirappanaṭṭhe sucirappavāsino ñātimitte suhajje sakhino samānetā ahosi.
¶ 360He reunited long-lost and long-separated relatives, friends, loved ones, and comrades.
Mātarampi puttena samānetā ahosi, puttampi mātarā samānetā ahosi, pitarampi puttena samānetā ahosi, puttampi pitarā samānetā ahosi, bhātarampi bhātarā samānetā ahosi, bhātarampi bhaginiyā samānetā ahosi, bhaginimpi bhātarā samānetā ahosi, bhaginimpi bhaginiyā samānetā ahosi, samaṅgīkatvā ca abbhanumoditā ahosi.
¶ 361He reunited mother with child and child with mother; father with child and child with father; brother with brother, brother with sister, sister with brother, and sister with sister, bringing them together with rejoicing.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 362Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati—
¶ 363When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:
kosohitavatthaguyho hoti.
¶ 364his private parts are sheathed in a foreskin.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 365Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 366And what does he obtain as king?
Pahūtaputto hoti, parosahassaṁ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā.
¶ 367He has many sons, over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 368That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 369And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Pahūtaputto hoti, anekasahassaṁ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā.
¶ 370He has many sons, many thousands of sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 371That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 372The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 373On this it is said:
“Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,
¶ 374“In olden days, in past lives,
Cirappanaṭṭhe sucirappavāsino;
¶ 375he reunited long-lost
Ñātī suhajje sakhino samānayi,
¶ 376and long-separated comrades and family,
Samaṅgikatvā anumoditā ahu.
¶ 377bringing them together with joy.
So tena kammena divaṁ samakkami,
¶ 378By means of these deeds he went to heaven,
Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi;
¶ 379where he enjoyed happiness and merriment.
Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,
¶ 380After passing away from there to here,
Kosohitaṁ vindati vatthachādiyaṁ.
¶ 381his private parts are covered in a foreskin.
Pahūtaputto bhavatī tathāvidho,
¶ 382That sort has many sons,
Parosahassañca bhavanti atrajā;
¶ 383over a thousand descendants,
Sūrā ca vīrā ca amittatāpanā,
¶ 384valiant and heroic, devastating foes,
Gihissa pītiṁ jananā piyaṁvadā.
¶ 385a layman’s joy, speaking kindly.
Bahūtarā pabbajitassa iriyato,
¶ 386But if he lives the renunciate life
Bhavanti puttā vacanānusārino;
¶ 387he has even more sons following his word.
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,
¶ 388As householder or renunciate,
Taṁ lakkhaṇaṁ jāyati tadatthajotakan”ti.
¶ 389that’s the meaning shown by this mark.”
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
¶ 390The first recitation section is complete.
15–16. Parimaṇḍalaanonamajaṇṇuparimasanalakkhaṇāni
¶ 39115–16. Equal Proportions and Touching the Knees
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 392“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
mahājanasaṅgahaṁ samekkhamāno samaṁ jānāti sāmaṁ jānāti, purisaṁ jānāti purisavisesaṁ jānāti:
¶ 393Examining the gathered population, he knew what they had in common and what was their own; he knew each person, and he knew the distinctions between people.
‘ayamidamarahati ayamidamarahatī’ti tattha tattha purisavisesakaro ahosi.
¶ 394In each case, he made appropriate distinctions between people: ‘This one deserves that; that one deserves this.’
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 395Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 396When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:
Nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo ca hoti, ṭhitakoyeva ca anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati.
¶ 397he has the proportional circumference of a banyan tree; and when standing upright and not bending over, the palms of both hands touch the knees.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 398Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 399And what does he obtain as king?
Aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo pahūtajātarūparajato pahūtavittūpakaraṇo pahūtadhanadhañño paripuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro.
¶ 400He is rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, lots of money and grain, and a full treasury and storehouses.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 401That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 402And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo.
¶ 403He is rich, affluent, and wealthy.
Tassimāni dhanāni honti, seyyathidaṁ—
¶ 404He has these kinds of wealth:
saddhādhanaṁ sīladhanaṁ hiridhanaṁ ottappadhanaṁ sutadhanaṁ cāgadhanaṁ paññādhanaṁ.
¶ 405the wealth of faith, ethics, conscience, prudence, learning, generosity, and wisdom.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 406That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 407The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 408On this it is said:
“Tuliya paṭivicaya cintayitvā,
¶ 409“Examining the many people in a community,
Mahājanasaṅgahanaṁ samekkhamāno;
¶ 410he weighed, evaluated, and judged each case:
Ayamidamarahati tattha tattha,
¶ 411‘This one deserves that.’
Purisavisesakaro pure ahosi.
¶ 412That’s how he used to draw distinctions between people.
Mahiñca pana ṭhito anonamanto,
¶ 413Now standing without bending
Phusati karehi ubhohi jaṇṇukāni;
¶ 414he can touch his knees with both hands.
Mahiruhaparimaṇḍalo ahosi,
¶ 415With the remaining ripening of the fruit of good deeds,
Sucaritakammavipākasesakena.
¶ 416his circumference was that of a great tree.
Bahuvividhanimittalakkhaṇaññū,
¶ 417Learned experts in the many different
Atinipuṇā manujā byākariṁsu;
¶ 418signs and marks prophesied:
Bahuvividhā gihīnaṁ arahāni,
¶ 419‘The young prince will obtain
Paṭilabhati daharo susu kumāro.
¶ 420many different things that householders deserve.
Idha ca mahīpatissa kāmabhogī,
¶ 421Here there are many suitable pleasures
Gihipatirūpakā bahū bhavanti;
¶ 422for the ruler of the land to enjoy as householder.
Yadi ca jahati sabbakāmabhogaṁ,
¶ 423But if he gives up all sensual enjoyments,
Labhati anuttaraṁ uttamadhanaggan”ti.
¶ 424he will gain the supreme, highest peak of wealth.’”
17–19. Sīhapubbaddhakāyāditilakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 42517–19. A Lion’s Chest, Etc.
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 426“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
bahujanassa atthakāmo ahosi hitakāmo phāsukāmo yogakkhemakāmo:
¶ 427He wanted what’s best, the welfare, the comfort, and sanctuary of the people, thinking:
‘kintime saddhāya vaḍḍheyyuṁ, sīlena vaḍḍheyyuṁ, sutena vaḍḍheyyuṁ, cāgena vaḍḍheyyuṁ, dhammena vaḍḍheyyuṁ, paññāya vaḍḍheyyuṁ, dhanadhaññena vaḍḍheyyuṁ, khettavatthunā vaḍḍheyyuṁ, dvipadacatuppadehi vaḍḍheyyuṁ, puttadārehi vaḍḍheyyuṁ, dāsakammakaraporisehi vaḍḍheyyuṁ, ñātīhi vaḍḍheyyuṁ, mittehi vaḍḍheyyuṁ, bandhavehi vaḍḍheyyun’ti.
¶ 428‘How might they flourish in faith, ethics, learning, generosity, teachings, and wisdom; in wealth and grain, fields and land, birds and beasts, children and partners; in bondservants, workers, and staff; in family, friends, and kin?’
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 429Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni tīṇi mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 430When he came back to this place he obtained these three marks:
Sīhapubbaddhakāyo ca hoti citantaraṁso ca samavaṭṭakkhandho ca.
¶ 431his chest is like that of a lion; he is filled out between the shoulders.; and his torso is cylindrical.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 432Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 433And what does he obtain as king?
Aparihānadhammo hoti, na parihāyati dhanadhaññena khettavatthunā dvipadacatuppadehi puttadārehi dāsakammakaraporisehi ñātīhi mittehi bandhavehi, na parihāyati sabbasampattiyā.
¶ 434He’s not liable to decline. He doesn’t decline in wealth and grain, fields and land, birds and beasts, children and partners; in bondservants, workers, and staff; in family, friends, and kin. He doesn’t decline in any of his accomplishments.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 435That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 436And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Aparihānadhammo hoti, na parihāyati saddhāya sīlena sutena cāgena paññāya, na parihāyati sabbasampattiyā.
¶ 437He’s not liable to decline. He doesn’t decline in faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom. He doesn’t decline in any of his accomplishments.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 438That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 439The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 440On this it is said:
“Saddhāya sīlena sutena buddhiyā,
¶ 441“His wish was this: ‘How may others not decline
Cāgena dhammena bahūhi sādhuhi;
¶ 442in faith, ethics, learning, and intelligence,
Dhanena dhaññena ca khettavatthunā,
¶ 443in generosity, teachings, and much good else,
Puttehi dārehi catuppadehi ca.
¶ 444in coin and grain, fields and lands,
Ñātīhi mittehi ca bandhavehi ca,
¶ 445in children, partners, and livestock,
Balena vaṇṇena sukhena cūbhayaṁ;
¶ 446in family, friends, and kin,
Kathaṁ na hāyeyyuṁ pareti icchati,
¶ 447in strength, and both beauty and happiness?’
Atthassa middhī ca panābhikaṅkhati.
¶ 448And so he ever desired their success.
Sa sīhapubbaddhasusaṇṭhito ahu,
¶ 449His chest was shaped like that of a lion,
Samavaṭṭakhandho ca citantaraṁso;
¶ 450filled out between the shoulders, and torso cylindrical.
Pubbe suciṇṇena katena kammunā,
¶ 451Due to the well-done deeds of the past,
Ahāniyaṁ pubbanimittamassa taṁ.
¶ 452he had that portent of non-decline.
Gihīpi dhaññena dhanena vaḍḍhati,
¶ 453Even as layman he grows in coin and grain,
Puttehi dārehi catuppadehi ca;
¶ 454in wives, children, and livestock.
Akiñcano pabbajito anuttaraṁ,
¶ 455But once gone forth, owning nothing, he attains
Pappoti bodhiṁ asahānadhammatan”ti.
¶ 456the supreme awakening which may never decline.”
20. Rasaggasaggitālakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 45720. Ridged Taste Buds
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 458“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
sattānaṁ aviheṭhakajātiko ahosi pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā.
¶ 459He would never hurt any sentient being with fists, stones, rods, or swords.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā …pe…
¶ 460Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati, rasaggasaggī hoti, uddhaggāssa rasaharaṇīyo gīvāya jātā honti samābhivāhiniyo.
¶ 461When he came back to this place he obtained this mark: he has ridged taste buds. His raised taste receptors, originating in the throat, disperse evenly.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 462Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 463And what does he obtain as king?
Appābādho hoti appātaṅko, samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya.
¶ 464He is rarely ill or unwell. His stomach digests well, being neither too hot nor too cold.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 465That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 466And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Appābādho hoti appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya.
¶ 467He is rarely ill or unwell. His stomach digests well, being neither too hot nor too cold, but just right, and fit for meditation.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 468That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 469The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 470On this it is said:
“Na pāṇidaṇḍehi panātha leḍḍunā,
¶ 471“Not with fist or rod or stone,
Satthena vā maraṇavadhena vā pana;
¶ 472or sword or beating to death,
Ubbādhanāya paritajjanāya vā,
¶ 473or by bondage or threats
Na heṭhayī janatamaheṭhako ahu.
¶ 474did he ever harm anyone.
Teneva so sugatimupecca modati,
¶ 475For that very reason he rejoiced in heaven after passing away,
Sukhapphalaṁ kariya sukhāni vindati;
¶ 476finding happiness as a fruit of happy deeds.
Samojasā rasaharaṇī susaṇṭhitā,
¶ 477With taste receptors prominent and evenly spreading nutrition,
Idhāgato labhati rasaggasaggitaṁ.
¶ 478on his return here he has ridged taste buds.
Tenāhu naṁ atinipuṇā vicakkhaṇā,
¶ 479That’s why the clever prophets said:
Ayaṁ naro sukhabahulo bhavissati;
¶ 480‘This man will have much happiness
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,
¶ 481as householder or renunciate.
Taṁ lakkhaṇaṁ bhavati tadatthajotakan”ti.
¶ 482That’s the meaning shown by this mark.’”
21–22. Abhinīlanettagopakhumalakkhaṇāni
¶ 48321–22. Indigo Eyes
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 484“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
na ca visaṭaṁ, na ca visāci, na ca pana viceyya pekkhitā, ujuṁ tathā pasaṭamujumano, piyacakkhunā bahujanaṁ udikkhitā ahosi.
¶ 485When looking at others he didn’t glare, look askance, or avert his eyes. Being straightforward, he reached out to others with straightforward intentions, looking at people with kindly eyes.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 486Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 487When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:
Abhinīlanetto ca hoti gopakhumo ca.
¶ 488his eyes are indigo, and he has eyelashes like a cow’s.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 489Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 490And what does he obtain as king?
Piyadassano hoti bahuno janassa, piyo hoti manāpo brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ negamajānapadānaṁ gaṇakamahāmattānaṁ anīkaṭṭhānaṁ dovārikānaṁ amaccānaṁ pārisajjānaṁ rājūnaṁ bhogiyānaṁ kumārānaṁ.
¶ 491The people look on him with kindly eyes. He is dear and beloved to the brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 492That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 493And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Piyadassano hoti bahuno janassa, piyo hoti manāpo bhikkhūnaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ upāsakānaṁ upāsikānaṁ devānaṁ manussānaṁ asurānaṁ nāgānaṁ gandhabbānaṁ.
¶ 494The people look on him with kindly eyes. He is dear and beloved to the monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 495That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 496The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 497On this it is said:
“Na ca visaṭaṁ na ca visāci,
¶ 498“With not a glare or glance askance,
Na ca pana viceyyapekkhitā;
¶ 499nor averting of the eyes;
Ujuṁ tathā pasaṭamujumano,
¶ 500straightforward, he reached out straightforwardly,
Piyacakkhunā bahujanaṁ udikkhitā.
¶ 501looking at people with kindly eyes.
Sugatīsu so phalavipākaṁ,
¶ 502In good rebirths he enjoyed the fruit
Anubhavati tattha modati;
¶ 503and result, rejoicing there.
Idha ca pana bhavati gopakhumo,
¶ 504But here he has a cow’s eyelashes,
Abhinīlanettanayano sudassano.
¶ 505and indigo eyes so fair to see.
Abhiyogino ca nipuṇā,
¶ 506Many soothsayers, men clever
Bahū pana nimittakovidā;
¶ 507and learned in prognostic texts,
Sukhumanayanakusalā manujā,
¶ 508expert in cow-like lashes, indicated
Piyadassanoti abhiniddisanti naṁ.
¶ 509he’d be looked upon with kindly eyes.
Piyadassano gihīpi santo ca,
¶ 510Even as a householder he’d be regarded kindly,
Bhavati bahujanapiyāyito;
¶ 511beloved of the people.
Yadi ca na bhavati gihī samaṇo hoti,
¶ 512But if he becomes an ascetic, not lay,
Piyo bahūnaṁ sokanāsano”ti.
¶ 513as destroyer of sorrow he’ll be loved by many.”
23. Uṇhīsasīsalakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 51423. Crown Like a Turban
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 515“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
bahujanapubbaṅgamo ahosi kusalesu dhammesu bahujanapāmokkho kāyasucarite vacīsucarite manosucarite dānasaṁvibhāge sīlasamādāne uposathupavāse matteyyatāya petteyyatāya sāmaññatāya brahmaññatāya kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitāya aññataraññataresu ca adhikusalesu dhammesu.
¶ 516He was the leader and forerunner of people in skillful behaviors such as good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, giving and sharing, taking precepts, observing the sabbath, paying due respect to mother and father, ascetics and brahmins, honoring the elders in the family, and various other things pertaining to skillful behaviors.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 517Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati—
¶ 518When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:
uṇhīsasīso hoti.
¶ 519the crown of his head is like a turban.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 520Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 521And what does he obtain as king?
Mahāssa jano anvāyiko hoti, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.
¶ 522He has a large following of brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 523That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 524And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Mahāssa jano anvāyiko hoti, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā.
¶ 525He has a large following of monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 526That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 527The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 528On this it is said:
“Pubbaṅgamo sucaritesu ahu,
¶ 529“Among people of good conduct, he was the leader,
Dhammesu dhammacariyābhirato;
¶ 530devoted to a life of principle among the principled.
Anvāyiko bahujanassa ahu,
¶ 531The people followed him,
Saggesu vedayittha puññaphalaṁ.
¶ 532and he experienced the fruit of good deeds in heaven.
Veditvā so sucaritassa phalaṁ,
¶ 533Having experienced that fruit,
Uṇhīsasīsattamidhajjhagamā;
¶ 534he gains a head crowned like a turban.
Byākaṁsu byañjananimittadharā,
¶ 535The experts in omens and signs prophesied:
Pubbaṅgamo bahujanaṁ hessati.
¶ 536‘He will be leader of the people.
Paṭibhogiyā manujesu idha,
¶ 537Among mankind then, as before,
Pubbeva tassa abhiharanti tadā;
¶ 538they will bring presents for him.
Yadi khattiyo bhavati bhūmipati,
¶ 539If he becomes an aristocrat, ruler of the land,
Paṭihārakaṁ bahujane labhati.
¶ 540he’ll gain the service of the people.
Atha cepi pabbajati so manujo,
¶ 541But if that man goes forth,
Dhammesu hoti paguṇo visavī;
¶ 542he’ll be sophisticated, proficient in the teachings.
Tassānusāsaniguṇābhirato,
¶ 543Devoted to the virtues of his instruction,
Anvāyiko bahujano bhavatī”ti.
¶ 544the people will become his followers.’”
24–25. Ekekalomatāuṇṇālakkhaṇāni
¶ 54524–25. One Hair Per Pore, and a Tuft
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 546“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
musāvādaṁ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato ahosi, saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṁvādako lokassa.
¶ 547He refrained from lying. He spoke the truth and stuck to the truth. He was honest and dependable, and didn’t trick the world with his words.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā …pe…
¶ 548Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 549When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:
Ekekalomo ca hoti, uṇṇā ca bhamukantare jātā hoti odātā mudutūlasannibhā.
¶ 550his hairs grow one per pore, and between his eyebrows there grows a tuft, soft and white like cotton-wool.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 551Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 552And what does he obtain as king?
Mahāssa jano upavattati, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.
¶ 553He has many close adherents among the brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 554That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 555And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Mahāssa jano upavattati, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā.
¶ 556He has many close adherents among the monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 557That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 558The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 559On this it is said:
“Saccappaṭiñño purimāsu jātisu,
¶ 560“In past lives he was true to his promise,
Advejjhavāco alikaṁ vivajjayi;
¶ 561with no forked tongue, he shunned lies.
Na so visaṁvādayitāpi kassaci,
¶ 562He never broke his word to anyone,
Bhūtena tacchena tathena bhāsayi.
¶ 563but spoke what was true, real, and factual.
Setā susukkā mudutūlasannibhā,
¶ 564A tuft so very white like cotton-wool
Uṇṇā sujātā bhamukantare ahu;
¶ 565grew prettily between his eyebrows.
Na lomakūpesu duve ajāyisuṁ,
¶ 566And never two, but only one,
Ekekalomūpacitaṅgavā ahu.
¶ 567hair grew in each of his pores.
Taṁ lakkhaṇaññū bahavo samāgatā,
¶ 568Many soothsayers learned in marks
Byākaṁsu uppādanimittakovidā;
¶ 569and expert in signs gathered and prophesied:
Uṇṇā ca lomā ca yathā susaṇṭhitā,
¶ 570‘One like this, with tuft and hair so prominent,
Upavattatī īdisakaṁ bahujjano.
¶ 571will have many as his close adherents.
Gihimpi santaṁ upavattatī jano,
¶ 572Even as householder many people will follow him,
Bahu puratthāpakatena kammunā;
¶ 573due to the power of deeds in the past.
Akiñcanaṁ pabbajitaṁ anuttaraṁ,
¶ 574But once gone forth, owning nothing,
Buddhampi santaṁ upavattati jano”ti.
¶ 575as Buddha the people will follow him.’”
26–27. Cattālīsaaviraḷadantalakkhaṇāni
¶ 57626–27. Forty Gapless Teeth
“Yampi, bhikkhave tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 577“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
pisuṇaṁ vācaṁ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosi. Ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṁ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā na imesaṁ akkhātā amūsaṁ bhedāya, iti bhinnānaṁ vā sandhātā, sahitānaṁ vā anuppadātā, samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṁ vācaṁ bhāsitā ahosi.
¶ 578He refrained from backbiting. He didn’t repeat in one place what he heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, he reconciled those who were divided and support those who are united, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 579Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 580When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:
Cattālīsadanto ca hoti aviraḷadanto ca.
¶ 581he has forty teeth, and his teeth have no gaps.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 582Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 583And what does he obtain as king?
Abhejjapariso hoti, abhejjāssa honti parisā, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.
¶ 584His retinue cannot be divided. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …
¶ 585That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 586And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Abhejjapariso hoti, abhejjāssa honti parisā, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā.
¶ 587His retinue cannot be divided. This includes monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 588That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 589The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 590On this it is said:
“Vebhūtiyaṁ sahitabhedakāriṁ,
¶ 591“He spoke no divisive words splitting the united,
Bhedappavaḍḍhanavivādakāriṁ;
¶ 592creating disputes that foster division,
Kalahappavaḍḍhanaākiccakāriṁ,
¶ 593acting improperly by fostering quarrels,
Sahitānaṁ bhedajananiṁ na bhaṇi.
¶ 594sowing division in those who are united.
Avivādavaḍḍhanakariṁ sugiraṁ,
¶ 595He spoke kind words to foster harmony,
Bhinnānusandhijananiṁ abhaṇi;
¶ 596uniting those who are divided.
Kalahaṁ janassa panudī samaṅgī,
¶ 597He cast aside quarrels among the people,
Sahitehi nandati pamodati ca.
¶ 598rejoicing together with the united.
Sugatīsu so phalavipākaṁ,
¶ 599In good rebirths he enjoyed the fruit
Anubhavati tattha modati;
¶ 600and result, rejoicing there.
Dantā idha honti aviraḷā sahitā,
¶ 601Here his teeth are gapless, close-set,
Caturo dasassa mukhajā susaṇṭhitā.
¶ 602forty standing prominent in his mouth.
Yadi khattiyo bhavati bhūmipati,
¶ 603If he becomes an aristocrat, ruler of the land,
Avibhediyāssa parisā bhavati;
¶ 604his assembly will be indivisible.
Samaṇo ca hoti virajo vimalo,
¶ 605And as an ascetic, stainless, immaculate,
Parisāssa hoti anugatā acalā”ti.
¶ 606his assembly will follow him, unshakable.”
28–29. Pahūtajivhābrahmassaralakkhaṇāni
¶ 60728–29. A Large Tongue and the Voice of the Divinity
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 608“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
pharusaṁ vācaṁ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosi. Yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā, tathārūpiṁ vācaṁ bhāsitā ahosi.
¶ 609He refrained from harsh speech. He spoke in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, likable and agreeable to the people.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā …pe…
¶ 610Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati.
¶ 611When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:
Pahūtajivho ca hoti brahmassaro ca karavīkabhāṇī.
¶ 612he has a large tongue, and the voice of the Divinity, like a cuckoo’s call.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 613Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 614And what does he obtain as king?
Ādeyyavāco hoti, ādiyantissa vacanaṁ brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.
¶ 615He has a compelling voice. His words are compelling to brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 616That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 617And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Ādeyyavāco hoti, ādiyantissa vacanaṁ bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā.
¶ 618He has a compelling voice. His words are compelling to monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 619That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 620The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 621On this it is said:
“Akkosabhaṇḍanavihesakāriṁ,
¶ 622“He never spoke a loud harsh word,
Ubbādhikaṁ bahujanappamaddanaṁ;
¶ 623insulting, quarrelsome,
Abāḷhaṁ giraṁ so na bhaṇi pharusaṁ,
¶ 624causing harm, rude, crushing the people.
Madhuraṁ bhaṇi susaṁhitaṁ sakhilaṁ.
¶ 625His speech was sweet, helpful, and courteous.
Manaso piyā hadayagāminiyo,
¶ 626He uttered words dear to the mind,
Vācā so erayati kaṇṇasukhā;
¶ 627going to the heart, pleasing to the ear.
Vācāsuciṇṇaphalamanubhavi,
¶ 628He enjoyed the fruit of his good verbal conduct,
Saggesu vedayatha puññaphalaṁ.
¶ 629experiencing the fruit of good deeds in heaven.
Veditvā so sucaritassa phalaṁ,
¶ 630Having experienced that fruit,
Brahmassarattamidhamajjhagamā;
¶ 631on his return to here he acquired the voice of the Divinity.
Jivhāssa hoti vipulā puthulā,
¶ 632His tongue was long and wide,
Ādeyyavākyavacano bhavati.
¶ 633and his speech was compelling.
Gihinopi ijjhati yathā bhaṇato,
¶ 634Even as householder his speech brings prosperity.
Atha ce pabbajati so manujo;
¶ 635But if that man goes forth,
Ādiyantissa vacanaṁ janatā,
¶ 636speaking often to the people,
Bahuno bahuṁ subhaṇitaṁ bhaṇato”ti.
¶ 637they’ll be compelled by his fair words.”
30. Sīhahanulakkhaṇaṁ
¶ 63830. A Lion-Like Jaw
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 639“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
samphappalāpaṁ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato ahosi kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī, nidhānavatiṁ vācaṁ bhāsitā ahosi kālena sāpadesaṁ pariyantavatiṁ atthasaṁhitaṁ.
¶ 640He refrained from talking nonsense. His words were timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. He said things at the right time which were valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā …pe…
¶ 641Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.
so tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imaṁ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṁ paṭilabhati,
¶ 642When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:
sīhahanu hoti.
¶ 643his jaw is like that of a lion.
So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī …pe…
¶ 644Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.
rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 645And what does he obtain as king?
Appadhaṁsiyo hoti kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena.
¶ 646He can’t be destroyed by any human foe or enemy.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati …pe…
¶ 647That’s what he obtains as king.
buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 648And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Appadhaṁsiyo hoti abbhantarehi vā bāhirehi vā paccatthikehi paccāmittehi, rāgena vā dosena vā mohena vā samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ.
¶ 649He can’t be destroyed by any foe or enemy whether internal or external; nor by greed, hate, or delusion; nor by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 650That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 651The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 652On this it is said:
“Na samphappalāpaṁ na muddhataṁ,
¶ 653“Neither nonsensical nor silly,
Avikiṇṇavacanabyappatho ahosi;
¶ 654his way of speaking was never loose.
Ahitamapi ca apanudi,
¶ 655He cast aside what was unbeneficial,
Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca abhaṇi.
¶ 656and spoke for the welfare and happiness of the people.
Taṁ katvā ito cuto divamupapajji,
¶ 657So doing he passed from here to be reborn in heaven,
Sukataphalavipākamanubhosi;
¶ 658where he enjoyed the fruit of deeds well done.
Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,
¶ 659Passing away, on his return to here,
Dvidugamavaratarahanuttamalattha.
¶ 660he gained a jaw like the finest of beasts.
Rājā hoti suduppadhaṁsiyo,
¶ 661He became a king so very hard to defeat,
Manujindo manujādhipati mahānubhāvo;
¶ 662a mighty lord and ruler of mankind.
Tidivapuravarasamo bhavati,
¶ 663He was equal to the best in the city of the Third Heaven,
Suravarataroriva indo.
¶ 664like Indra, the finest of gods.
Gandhabbāsurayakkharakkhasebhi,
¶ 665One such as that is not easily beaten by centaurs,
Surehi na hi bhavati suppadhaṁsiyo;
¶ 666titans, spirits, monsters, or gods.
Tathatto yadi bhavati tathāvidho,
¶ 667If he becomes of that sort,
Idha disā ca paṭidisā ca vidisā cā”ti.
¶ 668he illuminates the quarters and in-between.”
31–32. Samadantasusukkadāṭhālakkhaṇāni
¶ 66931–32. Even and White Teeth
“Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṁ jātiṁ purimaṁ bhavaṁ purimaṁ niketaṁ pubbe manussabhūto samāno
¶ 670“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.
micchājīvaṁ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṁ kappesi, tulākūṭakaṁsakūṭamānakūṭaukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogachedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā paṭivirato ahosi.
¶ 671He gave up wrong livelihood and earned a living by right livelihood. He refrained from falsifying weights, metals, or measures; bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity; mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence.
So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjati.
¶ 672Due to performing, accumulating, heaping up, and amassing those deeds, when his body broke up, after death, he was reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.
So tattha aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhāti dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi dibbehi saddehi dibbehi gandhehi dibbehi rasehi dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
¶ 673There he surpassed the other gods in ten respects: heavenly lifespan, beauty, happiness, glory, sovereignty, sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches.
So tato cuto itthattaṁ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati, samadanto ca hoti susukkadāṭho ca.
¶ 674When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks: his teeth are even and perfectly white.
So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato.
¶ 675Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch, a just and principled king. His dominion extends to all four sides, he achieves stability in the country, and he possesses the seven treasures.
Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti, seyyathidaṁ—
¶ 676He has the following seven treasures:
cakkaratanaṁ hatthiratanaṁ assaratanaṁ maṇiratanaṁ itthiratanaṁ gahapatiratanaṁ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṁ.
¶ 677the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.
Parosahassaṁ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā.
¶ 678He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.
So imaṁ pathaviṁ sāgarapariyantaṁ akhilamanimittamakaṇṭakaṁ iddhaṁ phītaṁ khemaṁ sivaṁ nirabbudaṁ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati.
¶ 679After conquering this land girt by sea—free of harassment by bandits, successful and prosperous, safe, blessed, and free of pests—he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.
Rājā samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 680And what does he obtain as king?
Suciparivāro hoti sucissa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.
¶ 681His retinue is pure. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, finance ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.
Rājā samāno idaṁ labhati.
¶ 682That’s what he obtains as king.
Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, arahaṁ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
¶ 683But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the world’s veil.
Buddho samāno kiṁ labhati?
¶ 684And what does he obtain as Buddha?
Suciparivāro hoti, sucissa honti parivārā, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā.
¶ 685His retinue is pure. This includes monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.
Buddho samāno idaṁ labhati”.
¶ 686That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca.
¶ 687The Buddha spoke this matter.
Tatthetaṁ vuccati:
¶ 688On this it is said:
“Micchājīvañca avassaji samena vuttiṁ,
¶ 689“He abandoned wrong livelihood, and created
Sucinā so janayittha dhammikena;
¶ 690a way of life that’s fair, pure, and just.
Ahitamapi ca apanudi,
¶ 691He cast aside what was unbeneficial,
Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca acari.
¶ 692and lived for the welfare and happiness of the people.
Sagge vedayati naro sukhapphalāni,
¶ 693Having done what’s praised by the clever, the wise, and the good,
Karitvā nipuṇebhi vidūhi sabbhi;
¶ 694that man experienced the fruit in heaven.
Vaṇṇitāni tidivapuravarasamo,
¶ 695Equal to the best in the Third Heaven,
Abhiramati ratikhiḍḍāsamaṅgī.
¶ 696he enjoyed himself with pleasure and play.
Laddhāna mānusakaṁ bhavaṁ tato,
¶ 697From there he passed back to a human life.
Cavitvāna sukataphalavipākaṁ;
¶ 698With the remaining ripening of the fruit of good deeds,
Sesakena paṭilabhati lapanajaṁ,
¶ 699he obtained teeth that are even,
Samamapi sucisusukkaṁ.
¶ 700gleaming, bright, and white.
Taṁ veyyañjanikā samāgatā bahavo,
¶ 701Many soothsayers regarded as wise men
Byākaṁsu nipuṇasammatā manujā;
¶ 702gathered and predicted of him:
Sucijanaparivāragaṇo bhavati,
¶ 703‘With twice-born teeth so even, so white, so clean and bright
Dijasamasukkasucisobhanadanto.
¶ 704his retinue will be so pure.
Rañño hoti bahujano,
¶ 705As king, his people will also be pure,
Suciparivāro mahatiṁ mahiṁ anusāsato;
¶ 706when he rules having conquered this earth so broad.
Pasayha na ca janapadatudanaṁ,
¶ 707They won’t harm the country,
Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca caranti.
¶ 708but will live for the welfare and happiness of the people.
Atha ce pabbajati bhavati vipāpo,
¶ 709But if he goes forth he’ll be an ascetic free of ill,
Samaṇo samitarajo vivaṭṭacchado;
¶ 710his passions quelled, the veil cast off.
Vigatadarathakilamatho,
¶ 711Rid of stress and weariness,
Imamapi ca paramapi ca passati lokaṁ.
¶ 712he sees this world and the next.
Tassovādakarā bahugihī ca pabbajitā ca,
¶ 713Those who do his bidding, both lay and renunciate,
Asuciṁ garahitaṁ dhunanti pāpaṁ;
¶ 714shake off wickedness, impure and blameworthy.
Sa hi sucibhi parivuto bhavati,
¶ 715He’s surrounded by pure people, who cast aside
Malakhilakalikilese panudehī”ti.
¶ 716stains, callousness, sin, and corruptions.’”
Idamavoca bhagavā.
¶ 717That is what the Buddha said.
Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
¶ 718Satisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said.
Lakkhaṇasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ sattamaṁ.