The Buddha describes the four kinds of persons found existing in the world.

AN 4.92  Paṭhama samādhi sutta - Collectedness (First)

“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ. Katame cattāro?

“Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of persons found existing in the world. What four?

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti ajjhattaṁ cetosamathassa, na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.

Here, bhikkhus, one person gains internal tranquility of mind but does not gain insight into phenomena through higher wisdom.

Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, na lābhī ajjhattaṁ cetosamathassa.

Here, bhikkhus, another person gains insight into phenomena through higher wisdom but does not gain internal tranquility of mind.

Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo na ceva lābhī hoti ajjhattaṁ cetosamathassa na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.

Here, bhikkhus, another person neither gains internal tranquility of mind nor gains insight into phenomena through higher wisdom.

Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṁ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.

And then there is a person who gains both internal tranquility of mind and gains insight into phenomena through higher wisdom.

Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmin”ti.

These, bhikkhus, are the four kinds of persons found existing in the world.”

Last updated on March 13, 2026