“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ. Katame cattāro? Anusotagāmī puggalo, paṭisotagāmī puggalo, ṭhitatto puggalo, tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo.
“Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of persons found existing in the world. What four? The one who goes with the current, the one who goes against the current, the one who is steady, and the one who has crossed over, standing on the firm ground, a |sage::Brāhmaṇa, a title used for an Arahant, an awakened being [brāhmaṇa]|.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, anusotagāmī puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo kāme ca paṭisevati, pāpañca kammaṁ karoti. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, anusotagāmī puggalo.
1.) And what, bhikkhus, is the person who goes with the current? Here, bhikkhus, a certain person engages in sensual pleasures and engages in |wrongdoing::a censurable deed (intention, speech, or act) to be avoided; includes subtle lapses as well as grave offenses, and is understood more fully through investigation and reflection [pāpakamma]|. This is called the person who goes with the current.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paṭisotagāmī puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo kāme ca nappaṭisevati, pāpañca kammaṁ na karoti, sahāpi dukkhena sahāpi domanassena assumukhopi rudamāno paripuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, paṭisotagāmī puggalo.
2.) And what, bhikkhus, is the person who goes against the current? Here, bhikkhus, a certain person does not indulge in sensual pleasures and does not engage in wrongdoing. Even with suffering, sorrow, tearful face, and crying, they live a fully pure spiritual life. This is called the person who goes against the current.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, ṭhitatto puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti, tattha parinibbāyī, anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ṭhitatto puggalo.
3.) And what, bhikkhus, is the person who is steady? Here, bhikkhus, a certain person, with the complete wearing away of the five lower fetters, becomes spontaneously reborn and there attains final Nibbāna, not subject to returning from that world. This is called the person who is steady.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo āsavānaṁ khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo.
4.) And what, bhikkhus, is the person who has crossed over, standing on the shore, an awakened one? Here, bhikkhus, a certain person, through the complete wearing away of the taints, has attained the taint-free release of mind and release by wisdom, having realized it by |direct knowledge::experiential understanding [abhiññāya]| in this very life, and dwells having attained it. This is called the person who has crossed over, standing on the shore, a sage.
There are, bhikkhus, these four kinds of persons found existing in the world.
Verse
Whoever are unrestrained in |sensual pleasures::sense desires, wishing, wanting, delighting in [kāma]|,
not free from |passion::intense desire, strong emotion, infatuation, obsession, lust [rāga]|, enjoying sensual pleasures here;
They go again and again to birth and aging,
overcome by |craving::wanting, yearning, longing, attachment, lit. thirst [taṇha]|, they go with the current.
Ye keci kāmesu asaññatā janā,
Avītarāgā idha kāmabhogino;
Punappunaṁ jātijarūpagāmi te,
Taṇhādhipannā anusotagāmino.
Therefore, a wise person established in mindfulness here,
not engaging in sensual pleasures and injurious actions;
Should abandon sensual pleasures even if it’s painful,
They call such a person one who goes against the current.
Tasmā hi dhīro idhupaṭṭhitassatī,
Kāme ca pāpe ca asevamāno;
Sahāpi dukkhena jaheyya kāme,
Paṭisotagāmīti tamāhu puggalaṁ.
Whoever has abandoned the five |unwholesome mental states::mental defilements, impurities of mind [kilesa]\n\nHere, it is a reference to the five hindrances of doubt regarding Dhamma, sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, and restlessness and worry|,
perfected in training and not subject to decline,
Attained mastery of the mind and with composed faculties,
They indeed are called a |steady person::who is stable, self-controlled [ṭhitatta]|.
Yo ve kilesāni pahāya pañca,
Paripuṇṇasekho aparihānadhammo;
Cetovasippatto samāhitindriyo,
Sa ve ṭhitattoti naro pavuccati.
One who has comprehended things subtle and gross,
|dispelled::dispersed [vidhūpita]| them up, so they’re gone and exist no more;
They indeed are a sage, having fulfilled the spiritual life,
and reached the world’s end, they are called ‘one who has gone beyond.’'”