The Buddha explains the four bases of a supportive relationship.

AN 4.32  Saṅgaha sutta - Supportive

“Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, saṅgahavatthūni. Katamāni cattāri? Dānaṁ, peyyavajjaṁ, atthacariyā, samānattatā

“Bhikkhus, there are these four bases of a supportive relationship. What four? Giving, kind speech, beneficial action, and impartiality.

Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri saṅgahavatthūnīti.

These are the four bases of a supportive relationship.

Dānañca peyyavajjañca,
atthacariyā ca idha;
Samānattatā ca dhammesu,
tattha tattha yathārahaṁ;
Ete kho saṅgahā loke,
rathassāṇīva yāyato.

“Giving, kind speech,
beneficial action, and impartiality;
In diverse worldly conditions,
as is appropriate in each case;
These are the bases of supportive relationships in the world,
like the linchpin of a rolling chariot.

Ete ca saṅgahā nāssu,
na mātā puttakāraṇā;
Labhetha mānaṁ pūjaṁ vā,
pitā puttakāraṇā.

Without these bases of supportive relationships,
neither mother nor father;
would be able to obtain esteem
and veneration from their children.

Yasmā ca saṅgahā ete,
samavekkhanti paṇḍitā;
Tasmā mahattaṁ papponti,
pāsaṁsā ca bhavanti te”ti.

But since these means of being supportive exist,
wise people respect them;
thus they experience distinction,
and are highly praised.”

Last updated on June 3, 2026